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Federalism of Rights: Perspectives of Dialogue and Pluralism in Multilevel Fundamental Rights Adjudication. Germany, the U.S., and the EU Compared

权利联邦制：多层次基本权利裁决中的对话和多元主义视角。

基本信息

批准号：
245511818
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas Kleinlein
金额：
--
依托单位：
Walther-Schücking-Institut für Internationales Recht
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/245511818?language=en
关键词：
Federalism Rights Perspectives Dialogue Pluralism

项目摘要

In a comparative study, I would like to generate knowledge about the differing potentials for a dialogical and pluralistic fundamental rights adjudication in federal systems. Germany, the U.S., and the EU are the subject of the investigation. I am expecting a practically relevant output of my research especially with regard to current challenges of fundamental rights protection in Europe. I am thinking particularly of the role of the ECJ after the EU's accession to the ECHR and the Convention system of protection, on the one hand, and of the role of the German Federal Constitutional Court in the course of an ongoing Europeanization, on the other. Against this background, I consider it appropriate to develop a federal theory of multilevel fundamental rights adjudication, as an alternative to common state- and sovereignty-oriented understandings. To that end, I will focus mainly on effective fundamental rights protection for the individual in multilevel systems, on the modes and procedures of the fundamental rights courts' interaction, and on their division of responsibilities, in fine on federalism as a form of constructive dialogue. Such a federal viewpoint helps to understand legal doctrines with regard to the scope of application, review standards, and intensity of review as a function of the institutional structures and of court interaction.I have divided the work program into four steps. First, I will identify the different framework conditions with regard to competences and institutions in Germany, the U.S., and the EU. In a second step, I will analyze the complex phenomenon of unitarization based on federal rights. In the third step, I will search for the potential for a better, more appropriate fundamental rights protection in a convergent interpretation which builds on the interaction of courts. Therefore, I will investigate how convergence, instead of unilateral unitarization, can be achieved in a federalism of rights on the basis of federal competition and of a dialogue between courts. This is based on the prerequisite that the courts interact at eye level. For this reason, I will analyze in particular the strategies which (member) state courts have developed in order to extend the reach of their jurisprudence beyond the limits of their jurisdiction, thereby strengthening their own significance as dialogue partners. In the fourth step, I will finally examine the doctrines and procedures that fundamental rights adjudication may use in order to become more open towards federal diversity. I will develop proposals which seem structurally adequate on the basis of the preceding steps of the work program and may serve as guidelines for courts in multilevel systems.

在一项比较研究中，我想要了解联邦系统中对话和多元化基本权利裁决的不同潜力。德国、美国和欧盟是调查的对象。我期待着我的研究能有实际意义的成果，特别是关于欧洲目前基本权利保护方面的挑战。我特别想到的是欧洲法院在欧盟加入《欧洲人权公约》和保护公约体系后的作用，以及德国联邦宪法法院在正在进行的欧洲化进程中的作用。在这种背景下，我认为发展一个多层次基本权利裁决的联邦理论是适当的，作为共同的国家和主权导向的理解的替代方案。为此，我将主要侧重于在多层次系统中有效保护个人的基本权利，基本权利法院互动的模式和程序，以及它们的职责分工，总而言之，将联邦制作为一种建设性对话形式。这种联邦观点有助于理解关于适用范围、审查标准和审查强度的法律理论，作为制度结构和法院互动的函数。我将工作计划分为四个步骤。首先，我将确定德国、美国和欧盟在能力和机构方面的不同框架条件。在第二步中，我将分析基于联邦权利的单一化的复杂现象。在第三步中，我将在法院互动的基础上，通过趋同的解释，寻找更好、更适当的基本权利保护的可能性。因此，我将研究如何在以联邦竞争和法院之间对话为基础的权利联邦主义中实现趋同，而不是单方面的单一化。这是基于这样的前提，即法院之间的互动与眼睛的高度相同。为此，我将特别分析(成员)国家法院为将其判例的影响范围扩大到其管辖范围之外而制定的战略，从而加强其作为对话伙伴的自身意义。在第四步中，我将最终研究基本权利裁决可能使用的原则和程序，以便对联邦多样性更加开放。我将在工作方案的上述步骤的基础上提出结构上看起来适当的建议，并可作为多级系统中法院的指导方针。