Excellence in Research: From genomics to ecophysiology: the adaptive metabolic strategy of heterotrophic marine Cyclobacterium species

卓越研究：从基因组学到生态生理学：异养海洋环杆菌物种的适应性代谢策略

• 批准号: 2101073
• 负责人: Indu Sharma
• 金额: $ 61.33万
• 依托单位: Hampton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2101073&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Excellence; Research; genomics; ecophysiology; adaptive

The majority of microbial biodiversity in the ocean lies within the realm of the rare biosphere. These rare microbes are essential for ecosystem dynamics and play a central role in the carbon cycle from assimilation, storage, transformation, export, and remineralization of the largest pool of organic carbon on the planet. The members of bacteroidetes, are emerging as key players in the degradation of high molecular weight dissolved organic carbon (DOM). In this research project, Cyclobacterium marinum Atlantic-IS, a member of bacteroidetes and part of the rare biosphere, will be studied to determine how C. marinum Atlantic-IS adjusts its growth in response to different DOM present in the marine environment. This project will examine how C. marinum Atlantic-IS adjust its growth in response to different DOM present in the marine environment and thus will enhance the understanding of microbial degradation of complex carbohydrates and the molecular processes involved in the usage of different organic carbons. This research has implications for understanding functional ecological significance of rare bacterial taxa in ocean ecosystems. This study actively engages undergraduate students of color. Students will gain knowledge and skillsets spanning molecular biology methods, microbial physiology, and quantitative data analysis. This training will contribute to student retention in STEM, increase diversity, and workforce development. This project will strengthen research capabilities of the principal investigator and build research capacity at a historically Black College and University (HBCU). A partnership between the HBCU and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution will be established. The annotated draft genome of C. marinum Atlantic-IS, which was collected from benthic water of the Atlantic Ocean, contains higher than expected number of polysaccharide utilization genes, hydrolases, and transport-related proteins that would allow the bacterium to survive under famine conditions and bloom when DOM is abundant. In addition, it contains a large number of regulatory genes, which could be pivotal for the generation of swift and adaptable metabolic responses to changing DOM in the environment. The principal investigator will test the hypothesis that C. marinum with its large number of polysaccharide utilization genes, transporters, and regulatory genes is able to adapt to changing carbon sources in oligotrophic oceans. This hypothesis will be tested by combining transcriptomics, proteomics, and physiological approaches to understand the expression of various transporters and regulatory networks that trigger the use of select polysaccharides and polymeric glycans thought to be abundant in the ocean. In particular, the expression of numerous transporter systems in response to different carbon sources and the speed of response to changing carbon sources will be determined. Ultimately, this research will enhance the understanding of heterotrophic bacteria in the ocean and their ecophysiology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋中的大多数微生物生物多样性位于稀有生物圈的范围内。这些罕见的微生物对生态系统动态至关重要，并在地球上最大的有机碳库的同化，储存，转化，输出和再矿化的碳循环中发挥核心作用。拟杆菌是降解高分子量溶解性有机碳（DOM）的关键微生物。在本研究项目中，将研究拟杆菌门的一个成员，也是稀有生物圈的一部分，海洋环杆菌（Cyclobacteriummarinumarctic-IS），以确定C。marinum aerotic-IS根据海洋环境中存在的不同DOM调整其生长。这个项目将研究如何C。marinum aerotic-IS根据海洋环境中存在的不同DOM调节其生长，从而将增强对复杂碳水化合物的微生物降解和不同有机碳利用中所涉及的分子过程的理解。这项研究对了解海洋生态系统中稀有细菌类群的功能生态学意义具有重要意义。这项研究积极吸引有色人种的本科生。学生将获得跨越分子生物学方法，微生物生理学和定量数据分析的知识和技能。这项培训将有助于学生保留在干，增加多样性和劳动力发展。该项目将加强首席研究员的研究能力，并在历史悠久的黑人学院和大学（HBCU）建立研究能力。将在HBCU和伍兹霍尔海洋学研究所之间建立伙伴关系。对C.从大西洋的底栖水中收集的marinumaestic-IS含有高于预期数量的多糖利用基因、水解酶和运输相关蛋白，其将允许细菌在饥饿条件下存活并在DOM丰富时开花。此外，它还含有大量的调控基因，这些基因可能是对环境中DOM变化产生快速和适应性代谢反应的关键。主要研究者将检验C.海水中含有大量的多糖利用基因、转运蛋白和调节基因，能够适应贫营养海洋中不断变化的碳源。这一假设将通过结合转录组学，蛋白质组学和生理学方法进行测试，以了解各种转运蛋白和调控网络的表达，这些转运蛋白和调控网络触发了被认为在海洋中丰富的选择多糖和聚合聚糖的使用。特别是，将确定响应于不同碳源的众多转运蛋白系统的表达以及响应于变化的碳源的速度。最终，这项研究将提高对海洋中异养细菌及其生态生理学的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。