The development of settlement patterns and the cultural landscape in the environs of the Heuneburg during the Hallstatt and Early Latène periods

哈尔施塔特和早期拉特纳时期霍伊内堡环境中聚落模式和文化景观的发展

• 批准号: 248075961
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Dirk Lutz Krausse
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Landesamt für Denkmalpflege
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/248075961?language=en
• 关键词: development; settlement; patterns; cultural; landscape

For many decades the Heuneburg has enjoyed a key role in national and international research on the Iron Age. The excavations on the high plateau financed by the DFG in the 1950s to 1970s and the work carried out in the area of the lower town and the outer settlement in the years 2004 to 2010 not only deepened our understanding of the Heuneburg itself and the "princely seats", but also contributed significantly to the design of research into the cultural background and processes of the Hallstatt period.The investigations and the often surprising new discoveries of recent years (e.g. stone gate, wooden bridge, outer settlement, Alte Burg, Hallstatt period road, tomb of a girl and wooden chamber grave at Bettelbühl) all bear imposing witness to just how much we can still learn from the Heuneburg, as well as to its enormous research potential for a long-term project: Almost no research has been conducted on the further environment of the Heuneburg and the question of the economic, social and ritual relationships and the transport routes between the central place and the surrounding area. One of the main aims of the long-term project is therefore the investigation of the development of regional rural settlement structures (open farmsteads, hamlets) during the Hallstatt and Early Latène periods. In order to achieve this, systematic field walking, large-scale geophysical prospection and targeted excavations of rural settlements in two transects that cover different natural environments will be carried out. Nor has any research been carried out on the relationships of the other hillforts, both with their own subregional surroundings and with the Heuneburg itself. The surveys and excavations that are planned to this end as part of the long-term project will provide the necessary basis for the dating of the hillforts sites, as well as for an understanding of their development and their function. Priority in this will be placed on testing the hypothesis of a hierarchical centralisation. For the first time the development of the region in the Early Latène period is to be researched, that is in the period immediately after the abandonment of the Heuneburg. Recent discoveries suggest that the monumental fortifications and the massive tumuli continued to be a lasting factor that shaped the ritual landscape well into the Early and Middle Latène periods. Finally, as regards research on the extensive outer settlement, there is still an urgent need for further work, for it is only through systematic investigation of the particularly well preserved areas that reliable conclusions can be drawn about its internal structure and about the chronological arrangement of the structural elements.

几十年来，Heuneburg在铁器时代的国家和国际研究中发挥了关键作用。20世纪50年代至70年代由德意志联邦共和国资助的高原挖掘工作以及2004年至2010年在下城区和外部定居点开展的工作不仅加深了我们对Heuneburg本身和“王子席位”的理解，同时也为哈尔施塔特时期的文化背景和进程的研究设计做出了重大贡献。近年（例如石门、木桥、外部定居点、旧布尔格、哈尔施塔特时期的道路、女孩之墓和贝特尔布尔的木室坟墓）都有力地证明了我们仍然可以从Heuneburg中学到多少东西，以及它对长期项目的巨大研究潜力：几乎没有研究已经进行了进一步的环境Heuneburg和问题的经济，社会和仪式的关系和交通路线之间的中心地点和周边地区。因此，长期项目的主要目标之一是调查哈尔施塔特和早期拉丁时期区域农村定居结构（开放式农场、村庄）的发展情况。为了实现这一目标，将在覆盖不同自然环境的两个样带对农村住区进行系统的实地考察、大规模地球物理勘探和有针对性的挖掘。也没有进行任何研究的关系，其他山区，无论是与自己的次区域环境和Heuneburg本身。作为长期项目的一部分，计划为此进行的调查和挖掘将为确定丘陵遗址的年代以及了解其发展和功能提供必要的基础。在这方面的优先事项将放在测试的假设，一个分层集中。这是第一次对该地区在拉丁早期的发展进行研究，也就是在放弃Heuneburg之后的时期。最近的发现表明，巨大的防御工事和巨大的古墓仍然是一个持久的因素，塑造了仪式景观以及到早期和中期拉丁时期。最后，关于大规模外部聚落的研究，仍然迫切需要进一步的工作，因为只有通过对保存特别完好的地区进行系统的调查，才能得出关于其内部结构和结构要素的年代安排的可靠结论。