EAGER: SAI: Understanding Social and Cultural Processes to Improve Transportation Infrastructure Planning

EAGER：SAI：了解社会和文化进程以改善交通基础设施规划

• 批准号: 2122186
• 负责人: Leaf Van Boven
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2122186&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; SAI; Understanding; Social; Cultural

Strengthening American Infrastructure (SAI) is an NSF Program seeking to stimulate human-centered fundamental and potentially transformative research that strengthens America’s infrastructure. Effective infrastructure provides a strong foundation for socioeconomic vitality and broad quality of life improvement. Strong, reliable, and effective infrastructure spurs private-sector innovation, grows the economy, creates jobs, makes public-sector service provision more efficient, strengthens communities, promotes equal opportunity, protects the natural environment, enhances national security, and fuels American leadership. To achieve these goals requires expertise from across the science and engineering disciplines. SAI focuses on how knowledge of human reasoning and decision making, governance, and social and cultural processes enables the building and maintenance of effective infrastructure that improves lives and society and builds on advances in technology and engineering. The frequency and magnitude of flooding is increasing in the United States. Flooding heavily impacts the structural integrity of roads and transportation infrastructure. Transportation planners are starting to implement mitigation strategies aimed at proactively enhancing infrastructure to reduce or eliminate risk from such potential hazards. One challenge is that not every flood risk can be mitigated. As a result, transportation planners must decide which communities should receive highest priority. Traditional engineering and planning approaches base these decisions mainly on technical criteria and do not incorporate social and psychological impacts of damaged transportation infrastructure. This research seeks to better understand the behavioral, psychological, and social consequences of damaged transportation infrastructure. Anticipated results will support the creation of metrics that planners can use to prioritize investing in transportation infrastructure in a way that mitigates both flood risks and adverse socio-behavioral impacts on individuals and communities.The research is organized in three modules. The first examines how flooding events have historically impacted community mobility by using large-scale aggregate, anonymized mobility data collected from smartphones and other devices. The second module examines the social and psychological consequences associated with disrupted travel. These impacts include emotional consequences, cognitive functioning, and time poverty. The final module explores how flood risk, mobility impacts, social vulnerability, and psychological consequences can be integrated into comprehensive metrics, what factors are associated with public acceptance of such metrics, and how transportation planners consider the use of such metrics. The multi-method research includes analyses of aggregated mobility data, large-scale survey of respondents in flood prone areas, statistical analysis of aggregating metrics, and qualitative interviews with transportation planners. This SAI project demonstrates how research in social-behavioral science and civil engineering can be integrated to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the social, psychological, and built environments, and how decisions about managing risks to transportation infrastructure can be improved.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

加强美国基础设施(SAI)是美国国家科学基金会的一项计划，旨在刺激以人为本的基础设施和潜在的变革性研究，以加强美国的基础设施，为社会经济活力和广泛的生活质量改善提供坚实的基础。强大、可靠和有效的基础设施能够刺激私营部门的创新，增长经济，创造就业机会，提高公共部门的服务提供效率，加强社区，促进平等机会，保护自然环境，增强国家安全，并推动美国的领导地位。要实现这些目标，需要来自科学和工程领域的专业知识。SAI专注于如何利用人类推理和决策、治理、社会和文化过程的知识来支持有效基础设施的建设和维护，这些基础设施改善了生活和社会，并建立在技术和工程进步的基础上。此外，洪水在美国的频率和规模正在增加。洪水严重影响了道路和交通基础设施的结构完整性。交通规划者开始实施缓解战略，旨在主动加强基础设施，以减少或消除此类潜在危险的风险。一个挑战是，并不是所有的洪水风险都能得到缓解。因此，交通规划者必须决定哪些社区应该得到最高的优先考虑。传统的工程和规划方法主要根据技术标准作出这些决定，没有考虑交通基础设施受损的社会和心理影响。这项研究旨在更好地了解交通基础设施受损的行为、心理和社会后果。预期结果将支持创建指标，规划者可以使用这些指标来确定交通基础设施投资的优先顺序，以减轻洪水风险以及对个人和社区的不利社会行为影响。研究分为三个模块。第一部分使用从智能手机和其他设备收集的大规模匿名移动数据，研究洪灾事件历史上是如何影响社区移动性的。第二个单元考察了旅行中断带来的社会和心理后果。这些影响包括情感后果、认知功能和时间匮乏。最后一个模块探索如何将洪水风险、流动性影响、社会脆弱性和心理后果整合到综合指标中，哪些因素与公众对这些指标的接受有关，以及交通规划者如何考虑使用这些指标。这项多方法的研究包括分析汇总的流动性数据，对洪水易发地区的受访者进行大规模调查，对汇总指标进行统计分析，以及与交通规划者进行定性访谈。这个SAI项目展示了如何整合社会行为科学和土木工程的研究，以提供对社会、心理和建筑环境的更全面的了解，以及如何改进有关管理交通基础设施风险的决策。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。