CAREER: Taming Entanglement in Open Quantum Systems

职业：驯服开放量子系统中的纠缠

• 批准号: 2144910
• 负责人: Guido Pagano
• 金额: $ 70.42万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2144910&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Taming; Entanglement; Open; Quantum

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). Entanglement is the fundamental feature of quantum mechanics that allows quantum processors to tackle specific tasks faster than their classical counterparts. The main challenge in creating and protecting entanglement is posed by decoherence: a quantum system “measured” by the environment loses its quantum correlations and is projected into classical states. Errors caused by environmental noise can be modeled as non-unitary operations acting on the qubits (basic units of quantum information) and can be overcome with quantum error correction. Therefore, understanding how entanglement propagates in quantum systems in the presence of local measurements, and which tools can be employed to govern its dynamics, are not only fundamental questions, but represent crucial steps towards building reliable and scalable quantum processors. This CAREER award supports basic research into the non-equilibrium dynamics of interacting quantum systems leading to the development of new tools for quantum information processing that will be stepping stones towards fault-tolerant quantum processors. A particular focus of this project will be the establishment of summer internship and research programs aimed at helping undergraduate students gain hands-on early research experience and at increasing the representation of women and underrepresented minorities in the quantum smart workforce.Recently, quantum simulation has emerged as a new tool that can provide insight into natural phenomena in regimes where numerical treatments fail. To date, quantum simulation experiments have focused predominantly on the dynamics of isolated systems described by unitary evolution. Conversely, this project aims to investigate non-equilibrium dynamics of interacting quantum systems subjected to well-controlled non-unitary operations, by employing the trapped-ion system’s unique features, such as pristine, individually controlled qubits. In particular, this will entail (i) the study of a symmetry-breaking dissipative phase transitions in Hamiltonian systems stemming from the competition between non-unitary (dissipative) operations and unitary evolution. (ii) The investigation of a volume law-area law entanglement phase transition, where entanglement growth changes dramatically as a function of the strength of the coupling with the environment (iii) The use of multiple qubits encodings to store and retrieve quantum information to enable a fault-tolerant trapped-ion quantum architecture. This project will lead to the development of unitary and non-unitary local operations as a powerful new tool to harness entanglement for quantum information processing. The tools developed in this project to achieve low cross-talk measurements of ancilla qubits will be stepping stones towards quantum error correction and, ultimately, fault-tolerant quantum processors.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分由《2021年美国救援计划法案》（公法117-2）资助。纠缠是量子力学的基本特征，它允许量子处理器比经典处理器更快地处理特定任务。创造和保护纠缠的主要挑战来自于退相干：一个被环境“测量”的量子系统失去了它的量子相关性，被投射到经典状态。由环境噪声引起的误差可以建模为作用于量子比特（量子信息的基本单位）的非统一操作，并且可以通过量子误差校正来克服。因此，理解纠缠如何在局部测量存在的情况下在量子系统中传播，以及哪些工具可以用来控制其动力学，不仅是基本问题，而且是构建可靠和可扩展的量子处理器的关键步骤。该职业奖支持对相互作用量子系统的非平衡动力学的基础研究，从而开发用于量子信息处理的新工具，这将是迈向容错量子处理器的垫脚石。该项目的一个特别重点将是建立暑期实习和研究项目，旨在帮助本科生获得早期实践研究经验，并增加女性和代表性不足的少数民族在量子智能劳动力中的代表性。最近，量子模拟作为一种新的工具出现，可以在数值处理失败的情况下提供对自然现象的洞察。迄今为止，量子模拟实验主要集中在由单一进化描述的孤立系统的动力学上。相反，该项目旨在通过利用捕获离子系统的独特特征（如原始的、单独控制的量子位），研究受良好控制的非单一操作影响的相互作用量子系统的非平衡动力学。特别是，这将需要(i)研究由非酉（耗散）操作和酉演化之间的竞争引起的哈密顿系统的对称性破缺耗散相变。（ii）研究体积律-面积律纠缠相变，其中纠缠增长作为与环境耦合强度的函数而急剧变化（iii）使用多个量子位编码来存储和检索量子信息，以实现容错的捕获离子量子架构。该项目将导致统一和非统一局部操作的发展，作为利用量子信息处理纠缠的强大新工具。该项目中开发的工具用于实现辅助量子位的低串扰测量，将成为量子纠错和最终容错量子处理器的垫脚石。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Engineering an effective three-spin Hamiltonian in trapped-ion systems for applications in quantum simulation

• DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ac5f5b
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Quantum Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Bárbara Andrade;Z. Davoudi;T. Grass;M. Hafezi;G. Pagano;Alireza Seif

Quantum Simulation for High-Energy Physics

• DOI: 10.1103/prxquantum.4.027001
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: PRX Quantum
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: Christian W. Bauer. Zohreh Davoudi;A. Balantekin;Tanmoy Bhattacharya;M. Carena;W. A. Jong;P. Draper;A. El-Khadra;N. Gemelke;M. Hanada;D. Kharzeev;Henry Lamm;Yingying Li;Junyu Liu;M. Lukin;Y. Meurice;C. Monroe;B. Nachman;G. Pagano;J. Preskill;E. Rinaldi;A. Roggero;D. Santiago;M. Savage;I. Siddiqi;G. Siopsis;David Van Zanten;N. Wiebe;Y. Yamauchi;Kubra Yeter-Aydeniz;Silvia Zorzetti

Long-range interacting quantum systems

• DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.95.035002
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Reviews of Modern Physics
• 影响因子: 44.1
• 作者: Nicolò Defenu;T. Donner;T. Macrì;G. Pagano;S. Ruffo;A. Trombettoni

Dissipative Floquet Dynamics: from Steady State to Measurement Induced Criticality in Trapped-ion Chains

• DOI: 10.22331/q-2022-02-02-638
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Quantum
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: P. Sierant;G. Chiriacò;F. Surace;Shraddha Sharma;X. Turkeshi;M. Dalmonte;R. Fazio;G. Pagano