Taming Non-Perturbative Dynamics in High Energy Physics

该奖项资助了南卡罗来纳大学亚历山大·莫宁教授的研究活动。近一个世纪以来，量子场论(QFT)在我们对宇宙基本性质的理解中发挥了关键作用。以量子理论为基础的粒子物理标准模型已经取得了令人瞩目的成就。然而，标准模型中仍有一些悬而未决的问题需要进一步调查。QFT的复杂性给回答这些问题带来了挑战。虽然可以有效地研究含有少量弱相互作用粒子的系统，但受强力影响的系统，如质子的组成或具有大量粒子的系统，对系统描述构成了重大障碍。这类系统被称为“非微扰”，解决这些非微扰系统是21世纪理论物理学面临的最大挑战之一。在这个项目中，莫宁教授将开发新的方法并改进现有的方法，这些方法专门针对这些非微扰系统而量身定做。通过提高我们对QFT结构的理解，并使用这些方法，我们对粒子物理标准模型中尚未回答的问题有了更深入的了解。这项研究致力于推动科学在其最基本的方向之一的进步：对自然及其规律背后的机制的理论理解。通过揭开这些谜团，这个项目服务于国家利益，促进了我们的知识，并为科学发现的整体进步做出了贡献。此外，该项目旨在吸引和参与学生，为他们提供有价值的培训，并培养他们成长为成功的研究人员。从技术上讲，这个项目分为三个部分：QFT结构，新方法和技术，以及粒子物理。该项目的里程碑包括研究涉及多量子的过程，增强现有的技术，如哈密顿截断和重现，以解决现实系统，并应用已知的方法，如色散关系，以研究目前和未来的强度前沿实验所能达到的现象。通过这些努力，莫宁教授试图推进我们对量子理论的理解，从而使非微扰现象的分析成为可能。此外，这项研究项目旨在产生更广泛的影响，超越高能物理。更深入地了解QFT的结构将使任何利用QFT的领域受益。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award funds the research activities of Professor Alexander Monin at the University of South Carolina.Quantum Field Theory (QFT) has played a pivotal role in our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe for nearly a century. The Standard Model of particle physics, which is based on QFT, has been a remarkable achievement. However, there are still unresolved questions within the Standard Model that require further investigation. The complexity of QFT poses a challenge in answering these questions. While systems with a small number of weakly interacting particles can be effectively studied, systems influenced by strong forces, such as the constituents of a proton, or systems with large numbers of particles, present significant obstacles to systematic description. Such systems are called "non-perturbative", and addressing these non-perturbative systems represents one of the biggest challenges in 21st-century theoretical physics. In this project, Professor Monin will develop new methods and improve existing methods that are specifically tailored to addressing these non-perturbative systems. By advancing our understanding of the structure of QFT and employing these methods, insight is gained into the unanswered questions within the Standard Model of particle physics. This research endeavors to promote the progress of science in one of its most fundamental directions: the theoretical understanding of nature and the mechanisms underlying its laws. By shedding light on these mysteries, this project serves the national interest by advancing our knowledge and contributing to the overall progress of scientific discovery. Furthermore, this project aims to attract and involve students, providing them with valuable training and fostering their growth as successful researchers. More technically, this project is divided into three parts: QFT Structure, New Methods and Techniques, and Particle Physics. The milestones of this project include studying processes involving multiple quanta, enhancing existing techniques like Hamiltonian truncation and resurgence to address realistic systems, and applying known methods such as dispersion relations to study phenomena accessible by current and future Intensity Frontier experiments. Through these efforts, Professor Monin seeks to advance our theoretical understanding of QFT, thereby enabling the analysis of non-perturbative phenomena. Additionally, this research project is designed to have a broader impact beyond high-energy physics. A deeper understanding of the structure of QFT will benefit any field utilizing QFT.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.