CAREER: Fundamental Discovery with Solid-State Spin Ensembles

职业生涯：固态自旋系综的基本发现

• 批准号: 2145162
• 负责人: Alexander Sushkov
• 金额: $ 79.46万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-15 至 2026-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2145162&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Fundamental; Discovery; Solid; State

This award is funded in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The nature of dark matter is one of the most fundamental open questions of modern science. As searches for the dark matter have advanced, axions - that arise naturally from model solutions of what is known as the strong-CP problem - and axion-like particles have emerged as particularly compelling candidates. The search for these particles opens an experimental window into physics at ultra-high energy scales, up to the Planck-scale, and discovery of axion-like dark matter would provide potential insight into the earliest evolutionary stages of the Universe. This CAREER award supports the development of a precision laboratory experimental platform based on solid-state electron and nuclear spin ensembles and magnetic sensing to advance the search for axions and axion-like particles with sensitivity in the nano-electronvolt to pico-electronvolt mass range. The award will develop an outreach program directed toward young students and the general public with a focus on developing non-standard problem-solving skills of complex real-world challenges. This program will partner with the Boston University GROW and MIT BLOSSOMS programs to develop novel online content with connections to the study of the cosmos and dark matter, and will focus on building connections with schools in the Boston-area with large populations of students from underrepresented groups in STEM.This award leverages the established technical achievements of the Search for Halo Axions with Ferromagnetic Toroids (SHAFT) experimental platform. Specifically, the platform realizes a magnetic field sensitivity of 150 aT per square root(Hz) over a range of 10 kHz to 1 MHz, representing the most sensitive magnetic field measurement with a broadband magnetometer technology. Two primary measurements are planned as a part of the awarded activities. The first will operate the apparatus’ SQUID sensors within a dilution refrigerator at 0.1K temperature to improve the sensitivity to the electromagnetic coupling of axion-like dark matter to approximately 3e-12 GeV near 20 pico-electronvolt mass. This measurement would represent more than an order of magnitude improvement over current experimental sensitivities. The second complementary measurement will be made possible by integrating into the magnetic sensing apparatus solid crystals that host ensembles of nuclear spins, optimized for searches for time-varying nuclear electric dipole moments (EDMs) induced by the EDM interaction of axion-like dark matter. The search will involve high-resolution optical spectroscopy and measurements of the nuclear spin relaxation parameters, with the goal of achieving 20 percent nuclear spin polarization by direct optical pumping.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的部分资金来自2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）。暗物质的性质是现代科学最基本的开放问题之一。随着对暗物质的研究不断深入，轴子--从强CP问题的模型解中自然产生的--和类轴子粒子已经成为特别引人注目的候选者。 对这些粒子的搜索为物理学打开了一个实验窗口，在超高能尺度上，达到普朗克尺度，而轴子样暗物质的发现将为宇宙最早的进化阶段提供潜在的见解。 该CAREER奖支持基于固态电子和核自旋系综以及磁传感的精密实验室实验平台的开发，以推进对轴子和轴子类粒子的搜索，其灵敏度在纳电子伏到皮电子伏质量范围内。 该奖项将开发一个面向年轻学生和公众的外展计划，重点是开发复杂现实世界挑战的非标准问题解决技能。 该项目将与波士顿大学的GROW和麻省理工学院的BLOSSOMS项目合作，开发与宇宙和暗物质研究有关的新颖在线内容，并将重点与波士顿地区的学校建立联系，这些学校的学生来自STEM领域代表性不足的群体。该奖项利用了“用铁磁环搜索Halo Axions”（SHAFT）的既定技术成就实验平台具体而言，该平台在10 kHz至1 MHz范围内实现了每平方根（Hz）150 aT的磁场灵敏度，代表了宽带磁力计技术最灵敏的磁场测量。 两个主要测量计划作为获奖活动的一部分。 第一个将在0.1K温度下在稀释冰箱内操作设备的SQUID传感器，以提高对轴子状暗物质的电磁耦合的灵敏度，使其接近20皮电子伏质量的电磁耦合达到约3e-12 GeV。 这一测量将比目前的实验灵敏度提高一个数量级以上。第二次补充测量将通过将固体晶体集成到磁传感装置中而成为可能，该固体晶体托管核自旋的集合，优化用于搜索由轴子状暗物质的EDM相互作用引起的时变核电偶极矩（EDM）。 该研究将涉及高分辨率光谱学和核自旋弛豫参数的测量，目标是通过直接光泵浦实现20%的核自旋极化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Quantum Science and the Search for Axion Dark Matter

• DOI: 10.1103/prxquantum.4.020101
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: PRX Quantum
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: A. Sushkov

Probing fundamental physics with spin-based quantum sensors

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.010101
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Physical Review A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Derek F. Jackson Kimball;D. Budker;T. Chupp;A. Geraci;S. Kolkowitz;Jaideep T. Singh;A. Sushkov

Intensity interferometry for ultralight bosonic dark matter detection

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.015003
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: H. Masia-Roig;N. L. Figueroa;Ariday Bordon;Joseph A. Smiga;Y. Stadnik;D. Budker;Gary P. Centers;A. Gramolin;P. Hamilton;Sami Khamis;C. Palm;S. Pustelny;A. Sushkov;A. Wickenbrock;Derek F. Jackson Kimball

Spectral signatures of axionlike dark matter

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.035029
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: A. Gramolin;A. Wickenbrock;Deniz Aybas;H. Bekker;D. Budker;Gary P. Centers;N. L. Figueroa;Derek F. Jackson Kimball;A. Sushkov

Effective electric field: Quantifying the sensitivity of searches for new P,T -odd physics with EuCl3·6H2O

有效电场：用 EuCl3·6H2O 量化寻找新 P、T 奇物理现象的灵敏度

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.107.062823
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical Review A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Sushkov, A. O.;Sushkov, O. P.;Yaresko, A.
• 通讯作者: Yaresko, A.