CAREER: Unveil the Electrical Double Layer Structure in Battery Electrolyte Systems

职业：揭开电池电解质系统中的双电层结构

• 批准号: 2239690
• 负责人: Feifei Shi
• 金额: $ 59.48万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2239690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Unveil; Electrical; Double; Layer

Energy storage is a key technology to the Nation’s economy, safety, and commitment to mitigate climate change. It has been increasingly important with the expanded widespread demand among most industries, spanning from large-scale electrical grid storage to electric vehicles and consumer electronics. While the innovation of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) has revolutionized daily life, the industry is hitting a major obstacle to keep pace with increasing demand of customers due to the lack of breakthrough in fundamentals of battery technology. The electrical double layer (EDL) is the interfacial layer at the electrode/electrolyte boundary. It governs the electron transfer, ion migration, and solvent molecular adsorption/desorption processes. In battery applications, EDL significantly impacts performance like cyclability, power rate, capacity retention, and safety. However, the fundamental knowledge of EDL in battery electrolytes is still lacking. This project aims to unveil the properties and structures of the EDL in LIB electrolyte systems, determine how these properties impact battery performance, and thus guide the development of safer, more efficient, powerful, and reliable battery systems. Moreover, this program will serve as an education vehicle to 1) build a strong and sustainable pipeline that supplies high quality battery experts to academia and industry and 2) create an inclusive and equitable battery research and education environment for students and scholars with diverse backgrounds.The goal of this CAREER project is to develop a novel in-situ characterization platform to directly probe the potential dependent properties and structure of EDL in typical LIB electrolytes (high concentration and nonaqueous). The objective of this work is to 1) characterize EDL properties by electrocapillarity with static mercury electrode, 2) resolve the EDL structure by varied angle Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and 3) bridge the EDL properties to electrochemical behavior of battery electrolytes. This interfacial characterization platform will enable the characterization of a series of interfacial and EDL properties in LIB electrolytes, including interfacial free energy, surface excess of ions, Potential of Zero Charge (PZC), surface charge density, and double layer capacitance. The knowledge derived from this project will accelerate the design optimization of electrolyte, shed light on interfacial modification of electrode, and advance the fundamental knowledge of solid/liquid interface. The characterization approaches developed in this project are transformative in more battery electrolyte systems beyond LIB electrolytes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

能源储存是国家经济、安全和减缓气候变化承诺的关键技术。随着从大规模电网存储到电动汽车和消费电子产品等大多数行业需求的扩大，它变得越来越重要。虽然锂离子电池（LIB）的革新给人们的日常生活带来了革命性的变化，但由于电池基础技术的缺乏突破，该行业在满足日益增长的客户需求方面遇到了重大障碍。双电层（EDL）是电极/电解质边界处的界面层。它控制着电子转移、离子迁移和溶剂分子吸附/解吸过程。在电池应用中，EDL显著影响诸如可循环性、功率率、容量保持和安全性等性能。然而，关于电池电解质中EDL的基础知识仍然缺乏。该项目旨在揭示锂离子电池电解质系统中EDL的特性和结构，确定这些特性如何影响电池性能，从而指导开发更安全、更高效、更强大、更可靠的电池系统。此外，该项目将作为一个教育工具，1)建立一个强大和可持续的管道，为学术界和工业界提供高质量的电池专家；2)为不同背景的学生和学者创造一个包容和公平的电池研究和教育环境。CAREER项目的目标是开发一种新的原位表征平台，直接探测典型LIB电解质（高浓度和非水）中EDL的潜在依赖性质和结构。本工作的目的是：1)利用静态汞电极的电毛细特性来表征EDL的性质；2)利用变角度衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外（ATR-FTIR）来解析EDL的结构；3)将EDL的性质与电池电解质的电化学行为联系起来。该界面表征平台将能够表征LIB电解质的一系列界面和EDL特性，包括界面自由能、表面离子过剩、零电荷电位（PZC）、表面电荷密度和双层电容。该项目所获得的知识将加速电解质的设计优化，为电极的界面修饰提供线索，并推进固体/液体界面的基础知识。该项目开发的表征方法在LIB电解质以外的更多电池电解质系统中具有变革性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。