Developing Competencies for the Future of Data and Computing: The Role of K-12 Education

美国国家科学院将就K-12教育在支持数据和计算能力发展方面的作用进行共识研究。各种与计算相关的学科都有许多技能和能力，比如计算机科学、数据科学、人工智能，甚至在更广泛的其他STEM学科中也有计算技能。然而，很少有人注意确定这些技能中的哪一组是学生在计算世界中取得成功所必需的基础能力。该项目旨在通过确定这些基本技能并描述K-12教育在传授这些技能方面的作用来服务于国家利益。该项目旨在制作一份国家科学院报告，确定数据和计算所需的基础能力，以及达到这些能力所需的学习进度，并就相关学习体验的设计提供指导，以便学生能够在不断变化的计算环境中导航并取得成功。该项目将采用一种系统的方法来促进计算相关领域的公平，并将确定政策和实践的变化、教学改进和需要进一步研究的领域的有希望的方向。该项目希望增进对K-12在支持发展数据和计算能力方面的作用的理解。该项目将按照美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院的共识研究格式进行。科学教育委员会将与高等教育委员会和工作人员委员会合作，召集一个专家委员会进行一项协商一致的研究，以便：1)确定数据和计算所需的基本能力(包括基本扫盲)，并考虑与其他STEM领域的关系；2)审议达到这些能力所需的学习进展(基本扫盲和职业追求)以及相关学习经验的设计；3)就K-12课程和计划/途径发展的影响提供指导；以及4)确定研究需要，为计算机相关能力的发展提供证据基础。在项目过程中，将开展广泛的外联活动，以收集利益攸关方的意见，并培养将扩大最后报告影响的关系。NSF CSforAll计划支持旨在为美国学生提供在K-12学前班从事计算机科学和计算思维教育的机会的合作和研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

The National Academy of Sciences will conduct a consensus study on the role of K-12 education in supporting the development of competencies for data and computing. There are many skills and competencies for the various computing-related disciplines, like computer science, data science, artificial intelligence, and even computational skills in other STEM disciplines more broadly. However, there has been little attention to identify which set of these skills are foundational competencies required for students to succeed in a computational world. This project aims to serve the national interest by identifying these foundational skills and describing K-12 education's role in teaching these skills. The project intends to produce a National Academies report that identifies the foundational competencies needed for data and computing, the learning progressions needed to reach these competencies, and provide guidance on the design of the relevant learning experiences so that students can navigate and succeed in the changing computational landscape. The project will adopt a systemic approach toward advancing equity in computing related fields and will identify promising directions for changes in policy and practice, for pedagogical improvement, and areas where additional research is needed.The project hopes to advance understanding of the the role of K–12 in supporting the development of competencies for data and computing. The proejct will be conducted according to the consensus study format of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The Board on Science Education in collaboration with the Board on Higher Education and the Workforce will convene an expert committee to conduct a consensus study to: 1) identify the foundational competencies needed for data and computing (including basic literacy) and consider the relationship to other STEM fields; 2) consider the learning progressions needed to reach these competencies (basic literacy and career pursuit) and the design of relevant learning experiences; 3) provide guidance on implications for K–12 curricula and program/pathway development; and 4) identify research needs to provide an evidence base for the development of computing-related competencies. During the course of the project, extensive outreach will be carried out to gather input from stakeholders and to cultivate relationships that will broaden the impact of the final report. The NSF CSforAll Program supports supports partnerships and research that seek to provide U.S. students with the opportunity to engage in computer science and computational thinking education at the preK-12 levels.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.