Broadening Participation in STEM Graduate Degrees and the U.S. STEM Workforce: Understanding Application, Admissions, And Matriculation in STEM Graduate Education

保持美国在先进制造、先进无线、人工智能、生物技术、量子信息科学、半导体和微电子等领域的领导地位，有赖于多样化的STEM劳动力的人才。目前，关于学生进入STEM研究生教育并进入科学工作队伍的途径的信息很少。该项目将收集国际和国内学生研究生申请、录取和入学的数据，并探索进入研究生学习的途径如何因性别、种族/民族、公民身份、残疾身份、退伍军人身份、研究领域和学位水平而有所不同。通过检查不同群体之间提交的申请数量、提供的录取数量以及如果被录取，潜在学生实际注册并攻读学位的可能性，数据将有助于确定在哪些方面投入资源以及改进招生和录取做法可以对增加高级STEM劳动力的规模、多样性和活力产生最大影响。这项研究还将探索国际学生在STEM研究生教育和职业生涯中扮演的重要角色，以及国际学生和美国国内学生的入学人数之间的关系，特别是来自STEM领域传统上代表性较低的群体。目前几乎没有信息记录国内学生在研究生项目申请、录取和入学方面的趋势。本项目将回答以下问题：按学位水平和STEM研究的广泛和精细领域，国内和国际学生在研究生申请、录取和入学方面的主要趋势是什么？女性以及种族和民族代表性不足的学生的比例是否随着时间的推移而发生了广泛而精细的STEM领域的变化？社会人口和性别群体在STEM的毕业生申请、录取和入学方面是否存在差异？录取率和升学率是否因学习领域和公民身份不同而不同？在美国国内学生中，不同性别、种族/民族和学习领域的录取率和录取率是否存在差异？在可能的范围内，STEM研究领域还将探索社会经济状况、第一代人、退伍军人和残疾状况在录取率和预录率方面的差异。这些发现将为STEM领域的学生提供一个强有力的研究生申请、录取和录取率的图景，这些领域包括先进制造、人工智能、生物技术和量子信息科学。该项目还将研究国际学生在STEM研究生教育中所扮演的角色，并探索国际学生招生与美国国内学生招生之间的关系。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Maintaining US leadership in fields such as advanced manufacturing, advanced wireless, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, quantum information science, semiconductors, and microelectronics depends on the talents of a diverse STEM workforce. Currently, there is a paucity of information about the pathways students follow into STEM graduate education and on to the scientific workforce. This project will collect data on applications, admissions, and matriculation in graduate study for both international and domestic students and explore how pathways into graduate study differ by gender, race/ethnicity, citizenship status, disability status, veteran status, field of study, and degree level. By examining differences between groups in the number of applications submitted, the number of acceptances offered, and the likelihood that if admitted a potential student will actually enroll and pursue a degree, data will help to identify where investments of resources and improvements in recruitment and admission practices can have the greatest effects on increasing the size, diversity, and vitality of the advanced STEM workforce. The study will also explore the important role international students play in STEM graduate education and careers and explore the relationship between enrollment of international students and those of U.S. domestic students, particularly from groups traditionally underrepresented in STEM fields.Little information exists today that documents trends in graduate program applications, admissions, and matriculation for domestic students. This project will answer the following questions: What are the key trends in graduate program applications, offers of admission, and matriculation for domestic and international students by degree level and broad and fine field of STEM study? Has the proportion of women and racially and ethnically underrepresented students changed over time by broad and fine STEM field? Are there differences in aggregated graduate applications, offers of admission, and matriculation in STEM by sociodemographic and gender groups? Do acceptance and matriculation rates differ by field of study and citizenship status? Among U.S. domestic students, are there differences in acceptance and matriculation rates by gender, race/ethnicity, and field of study? To the extent possible, differences in acceptance and matriculation rates by socioeconomic, first generation, veteran, and disability status will also be explored by fields of STEM study. The findings will provide a robust portrait of graduate application, admission, and matriculation rates of students in STEM fields such as advanced manufacturing, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and quantum information science. This project will also examine the role that international students play in STEM graduate education and explore the relationship between enrollment of international students and those of U.S. domestic students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.