CAREER: Towards Efficient Cryptography for Next Generation Applications

在过去的十年里，密码学家已经确定了几个方向来满足未来的安全需求，比如安全的外包环境、对非传统攻击的鲁棒性和后量子加密系统。尽管有许多令人兴奋的进展，但这些实例中的许多仍然远未实现，这降低了它们的潜在影响。这个项目将为减少这些限制提供关键的推动力，以便使这些技术在实践中更适用。该项目引入了新的同态计算研究密集型课程，为培养学生定义了适当的研究活动，并为包括中学生在内的代表性不足的群体开展了大量的推广活动。该项目专注于改进两类重要的基于格的密码术：(1)同态计算，(2)针对非传统攻击的安全性。这两个类提供了强大的工具来保护外包和便携式环境中的数据，并额外实现后量子安全。特别地，本项目从最近开发的几种技术开始，这些技术将同态计算与(1)基于身份的加密效率的提高，(2)更紧密/更强的安全性，以及(3)非传统攻击联系起来。我们的目标是改进这些最新的方法，设计出切实有效的解决方案。结果将产生多个高效的后量子加密系统，有助于进一步的后量子标准化，并为更高级的应用提供安全方法。在这个项目中开发的技术有望为实现总体目标带来关键的见解，旨在为所有同态计算和针对非传统攻击的安全性构建真正实用的解决方案。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

During the past decade, cryptographers have identified several directions to meet future security demands like secure outsourced environments, robustness against non-traditional attacks, and post-quantum crypto systems. Despite many exciting advances, many of these instantiations are still far from practical, which reduces their potential impact. This project will provide critical thrusts towards reducing these restrictions in order to make these techniques more applicable in practice. This project introduces new research-intensive courses on homomorphic computation, defines appropriate research activities for training students, and has numerous outreach activities to underrepresented groups including middle school students. This project focuses on improving two significant classes of lattice-based cryptography: (1) homomorphic computation, and (2) security against non-traditional attacks. These two classes provide powerful tools to secure data in both outsourced and portable environments, and additionally achieve post-quantum security. Particularly, this project starts with several recently developed techniques that connect homomorphic computation with (1) improved efficiency of identity-based encryption, (2) tighter/stronger security, and (3) non-traditional attacks. The objective is to refine these recent approaches and design practically efficient solutions. The outcomes would yield multiple efficient post-quantum crypto systems, contributing to further post-quantum standardizations, and providing secure methods for more advanced applications. Techniques developed in this project are expected to bring critical insights for making a leap towards the general goal, aiming at building truly practical solutions for all homomorphic computation and security against non-traditional attacks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.