Imaging single Rydberg electrons and ions in a quantum gas

对量子气体中的单个里德伯电子和离子进行成像

• 批准号: 262764871
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Tilman Pfau
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: 5. Physikalisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Reinhart Koselleck Projects
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/262764871?language=en
• 关键词: Imaging; single; Rydberg; electrons; ions

Electron orbitals are a fundamental building block in our understanding of chemistry, molecular and solid state physics. Although in many cases they can be calculated and are visualized graphically in virtually any physics or chemistry textbook they have not been directly optically imaged in real space. Exotic orbitals like so called one dimensional atoms or circular states have been created and indirectly proven to exist. Dynamical orbital changes in driven electronic systems e.g. in light absorption or energy transport phenomena are theoretically well understood, but also have never been directly imaged. We propose a novel direct spatial imaging method for static and dynamical changes of the orbital of a single electron, which can also be extended to ions. The basis is the interaction of a single electron with the polarisable atoms in a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC), which acts as a contrast agent, resulting in measurable density change which can be imaged directly by e.g. dark field microscopy. For this the size of the orbitals must be larger than the optical resolution, which can be achieved by exciting Rydberg electrons to principle quantum numbers above ~100. Also for ions the range of interaction is on the order of the optical resolution limit such that the respective in situ imaging capabilities would also allow to image the expected polarons around a single ion in a quantum gas. Whether a single ultracold ion can ultimately be trapped and imaged in a quantum gas is a challenging perspective of the research project.

电子轨道是我们理解化学、分子和固体物理的基础。尽管在许多情况下，它们可以被计算出来，并在几乎任何物理或化学教科书中被可视化，但它们并没有直接在真实空间中被光学成像。像所谓的一维原子或圆态这样的奇异轨道已经被创造出来，并间接地被证明存在。驱动电子系统中的动态轨道变化，例如光吸收或能量传输现象，在理论上是很好理解的，但也从来没有直接成像过。我们提出了一种新的单电子轨道静态和动态变化的直接空间成像方法，该方法也可以推广到离子。其基础是单个电子与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)中可极化原子的相互作用，BEC充当造影剂，导致可测量的密度变化，可以通过例如暗场显微镜直接成像。要做到这一点，轨道的大小必须大于光学分辨率，这可以通过激发里德堡电子到基本量子数高于~100来实现。此外，对于离子，相互作用的范围是光学分辨率极限的数量级，因此相应的原位成像能力也将允许成像量子气体中单个离子周围的预期极化子。单个超冷离子最终能否被捕获并在量子气体中成像是该研究项目的一个具有挑战性的视角。

项目成果

Ionic Impurity in a Bose-Einstein Condensate at Submicrokelvin Temperatures.

亚微开尔文温度下玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的离子杂质

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.193401
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: K. S. Kleinbach;F. Engel;T. Dieterle;R. Löw;T. Pfau;F. Meinert
• 通讯作者: F. Meinert

Rydberg Molecules for Ion-Atom Scattering in the Ultracold Regime.

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.153401
• 发表时间: 2017-09
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: M. Tomza;Thomas Schmid;C. Veit;Nicolas Zuber;R. Löw;Tilman Pfau;Michal Tarana

Riesenmoleküle am absoluten Nullpunkt

绝对为零的巨型分子

• DOI: 10.1002/piuz.201701478
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Physik in unserer Zeit
• 作者: F. Meinert

Ultracold chemical reactions of a single Rydberg atom in a dense gas

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.6.031020
• 发表时间: 2016-05
• 期刊: arXiv: Atomic Physics
• 作者: Michael Schlagmuller;T. Liebisch;F. Engel;K. Kleinbach;F. Bottcher;Udo Hermann;Karl M. Westphal;A. Gaj;R. Low;S. Hofferberth;T. Pfau;J. P'erez-R'ios;C. S. 1. P. Institut;Center for Space Science;Technology;U. Stuttgart;H Germany;D. Physics;Astronomy;P. University;W. Lafayette;In;Usa

Observation of Rydberg Blockade Induced by a Single Ion.

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.193401
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: F. Engel;Thomas Dieterle;T. Schmid;Christian Tomschitz;C. Veit;Nicolas Zuber;R. Low;T. Pfau;F. Meinert