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Parapsychology on the crossroads of scientific research, social inquiry, and public media: A comparative study from an international and transnational perspective (1930s to 1980s)

科学研究、社会探究和公共媒体十字路口的超心理学：国际和跨国视角的比较研究（1930 年代至 1980 年代）

基本信息

批准号：
264492503
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Sylvia Paletschek
金额：
--
依托单位：
Historisches Seminar
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/264492503?language=en
关键词：
Parapsychology crossroads scientific research social

项目摘要

With an international comparative perspective, using the example of parapsychology, this research project explores the process of forming an academic discipline and the interplay between societal discourse and subsystems in the 20th century. Both the interactions between science and society, as well as the conditions of discipline formation become particularly evident in the examination of this widely contested, non-hegemonial academic discipline, which experienced, at intervals, strong public interest. The first stage of the project explored parapsychology in Germany, investigating how the relationship between the academic and societal environment was apparent throughout the discipline's formation. The first thesis focused on Hans Bender (1907-1991), founder of the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg in 1950, who was the first and only professor in this field in Germany since 1954. The project approached its research questions from three angles, drawing from scientific history and media history, as well as local and urban history. The empirical and analytical results of the first project stage generated questions which revealed similarities and differences between national characteristics, relevant to the foundation of parapsychology as an academic discipline. Thus, the proposed second phase will aim to investigate the processes of discipline formation in different countries, inquiring into and examining the various academic-institutional frameworks, social relevance, and (mass) media public spheres from a comparative perspective, whereby also uncovering and reconstructing interrelationships and crossovers. Therefore, the analysis will focus on five cases: Germany (Freiburg/Br.), France (Paris), Great Britain (Edinburgh), the Netherlands (Utrecht), and the USA (Durham), in the time period between the 1930s and the 1980s. The project aspires to contribute to the study of the history of science as well as to the history of knowledge, which, being a broad notion, this project would focus on mechanisms of knowledge production, reception and circulation. It also draws on approaches within the sociology of science, particularly those of Science in Context and Boundary Work. The project combines methods of comparative and transfer history. On a conceptual level, it combines in-depth archival research with the evaluation of other research studies. Finally, the second phase aims to result in a monograph, which using the example of parapsychology, surveys the relationship between non-hegemonic and hegemonic knowledge from a cross-cultural perspective.

本研究以国际比较的视野，以超心理学为例，探讨20世纪世纪学术学科的形成过程，以及社会话语与子系统之间的相互作用。科学与社会之间的相互作用以及学科形成的条件在对这一广受争议的、非霸权的学术学科的考察中变得尤为明显，这一学科不时地经历着强烈的公共利益。该项目的第一阶段探索了德国的超心理学，调查了学术和社会环境之间的关系如何在整个学科的形成过程中表现出来。第一篇论文集中在汉斯·本德（1907-1991），他是1950年在弗赖堡成立的心理学和心理健康前沿领域研究所的创始人，他是自1954年以来德国第一位也是唯一一位该领域的教授。该项目从三个角度探讨其研究问题，从科学史和媒体史，以及地方和城市历史。项目第一阶段的经验和分析结果产生了一些问题，这些问题揭示了国家特征之间的相似性和差异性，与超心理学作为一门学科的基础有关。因此，拟议的第二阶段将旨在调查不同国家的学科形成过程，从比较的角度探讨和审查各种学术制度框架，社会相关性和（大众）媒体公共领域，从而揭示和重建相互关系和交叉。因此，分析将集中在五个案例上：德国（弗赖堡/Br.），法国（巴黎），英国（爱丁堡），荷兰（乌得勒支）和美国（达勒姆），在20世纪30年代和80年代之间。该项目旨在为科学史和知识史的研究做出贡献，知识史是一个广泛的概念，该项目将侧重于知识生产、接受和传播的机制。它还借鉴了科学社会学的方法，特别是科学在背景和边界工作。该项目结合了比较和转移历史的方法。在概念层面上，它将深入的档案研究与其他研究的评估相结合。最后，第二阶段的目标是形成一本专著，以超心理学为例，从跨文化的角度审视非霸权知识与霸权知识之间的关系。