Dynamics of oculomotor adaptation and its interaction with perception

跳跃性眼球运动是视觉系统灵巧的相机工作，允许探索视觉场景的精细细节。因此，在整个发育或病理变化过程中，在觉醒和疲劳期间保持它们的准确性，对我们观察和行动的能力至关重要。本项目旨在通过研究跳跃性适应在1 - 10万次的时间尺度上的动态变化，进一步了解健康成人视运动系统的行为可塑性。我们提出了新颖的、敏感的范式和分析，以研究跳跃性适应在跳跃性错误序列后的时空演变特征。我们的项目有三个主要目标。首先是建立跳眼适应的时间分布。据报道，适应在很短的时间尺度上发生，在每次试验中调整眼跳振幅，但也会在较长的时间尺度上发生，可达数天。我们的目标是通过回答几个问题来揭示自适应幅度变化的时间分辨率：适应性是否作为单次扫视的结果而发生？系统在如此短的时间尺度上的敏感性是什么？跳变误差的缓慢波动是否会影响适应状态？跳变可塑性如何灵活地适应这种规律的统计？我们的第二个目标是了解跳眼适应的空间分布。据报道，跳变适应是一种局部现象，对特定的跳变指标有选择性，但也可以在全球范围内迅速发展，影响所有指标的跳变。通过研究载体特异性如何随着时间的推移而演变，我们希望对这两个发现提供一个统一的解释。最后，我们的目的是探讨跳眼适应与视觉知觉之间的相互作用。对导致适应的扫视错误的知觉敏感性可能影响适应如何展开，以及适应如何与空间感知的变化同时发生。我们计划应用用于确定适应的时间分辨率的程序来理解运动和知觉变化的动态相互作用。通过用一系列创新的方法解决这些在跳眼适应领域的关键问题，我们将绘制出视觉运动系统对我们的运动和视觉目标之间的不一致的敏感性。

Saccadic eye movements are the visual system´s dexterous camera work that allows exploration of the fine details of a visual scene. Maintaining their accuracy during arousal and fatigue, throughout developmental or pathological modifications, is thus of primary importance for our ability to see and act. This project aims to further our understanding of behavioral plasticity in the visuo-motor system of healthy adult participants by investigating the dynamics of saccadic adaptation across time-scales ranging from 1 to 100,000 saccades. We propose novel, sensitive paradigms and analyses to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution that characterizes saccadic adaptation following sequences of saccadic errors. Our project has three major goals. The first is to establish the temporal profile of saccadic adaptation. Adaptation has been reported to occur on very short time-scales, adjusting saccade amplitudes from trial to trial, but also on longer time-scales, up to several days. We aim to uncover the temporal resolution of adaptive amplitude changes by answering several questions: Does adaptation occur as a consequence of single saccades and what is the sensitivity of the system on such short time-scale? Do slow fluctuations in saccadic errors affect the state of adaptation and how flexibly does saccadic plasticity adjust to the statistics of such regularities? Our second goal is to understand the spatial profile of saccadic adaptation. Saccadic adaptation has been reported to be a local phenomenon, selective for particular saccade metrics, but can also evolve rapidly on a global scale, affecting saccades of all metrics. By investigating how vector-specificity evolves across time, we hope to provide a unified account of these two findings. Finally, we aim to investigate the interplay between saccadic adaptation and visual perception. Perceptual sensitivity to the saccade errors that cause adaptation may influence how adaptation unfolds, and how adaptation occurs concurrently with changes in the perception of space. We plan to apply the procedures used to determine the temporal resolution of adaptation to understand the dynamic interactions of motor and perceptual changes. By tackling these key questions in the field of saccadic adaptation with a set of innovative methods, we will map out the sensitivity of the visuo-motor system to incongruities between our movements and their visual goals.