A neuronal process of the error signal that drives saccade adaptation

驱动扫视适应的误差信号的神经元过程

• 批准号: 9325519
• 负责人: Yoshiko Kojima
• 金额: $ 44.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9325519
• 关键词: Affect; Aging; Agonist; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Paradigm; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellar cortex structure; Cerebellar vermis structure; Characteristics; Code; Complex; Contralateral; Delayed Memory; Error Sources; Exhibits; Fiber; Goals; Impairment; Inferior; Injection of therapeutic agent; Injury; Ipsilateral; Maintenance; Memory; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Movement; Muscimol; Muscle; Neurons; Olives - dietary; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Play; Process; Property; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Role; Route; Saccades; Scanning; Sensory; Side; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Stroke; Testing; Time; Training; Visual; Wit; electrical microstimulation; improved; insight; microstimulation; motor deficit; motor recovery; neural circuit; neuromechanism; oculomotor; preference; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; vector

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motor adaptation is an important factor in the recovery of function following motor deficits associated with neural damage due to stroke, injury or aging. Such motor recovery or adaptation, is instructed by an error signal that is calculated by the brain from the mismatch between the desired movement and the actual movement produced. However, the brain circuits that process specific error signal(s) are not understood. The long-term goal of my research is to identify the neural mechanisms that process error signals to optimize sensory-motor behavior. Understanding these mechanisms and the circuitry underlying them will assist in devising rehabilitation therapies for motor deficits. We have approached our goal by using monkey saccadic eye movements, which provide an ideal model because saccades are precise, use only a few muscles, the associated brainstem neural circuit has been well documented and they can be made to undergo motor adaptation by means of well-established behavioral paradigms. Thus far, we know that complex spike firing in the oculomotor vermis (OMV) encodes motor error and that the OMV is required for adaptation of targeting saccades. Complex spikes in the OMV originate in a part of the inferior olive that receives a projection from the superior colliculus (SC). Previously, we have shown that electrical micro-stimulation of the SC, timed to mimic visual error signals, induces saccade adaptation. Thus, the SC appears to be an important part of the error signal pathway. In this study, we propose three projects to test the involvement of the SC in coding an error signal for saccade adaptation. The first project is directed at determining whether the SC is required for adaptation of targeting saccades. We will inactivate the SC reversibly during which time we predict that the monkey will be unable to adapt its saccades when subjected to a behavioral adaptation paradigm. The second project is directed at identifying correlates in SC visual activity with the visual error signal that drives adaptation. We will look for correlations of SC visual activity wit error size (small errors drive adaptation better than large ones) and with adaptation rate, which decreases as adaptation progresses. The third project will determine whether the SC is also used for adaptation of other types of saccade, including memory-guided, delayed, scanning and express. We will electrically stimulate the SC after one of these different types to mimic an error signal and determine whether, as for targeting saccades, this artificial error causes adaptation. I it does, we will test whether the adaptation transfers to the other types. We anticipate that together the results of these three projects will help establish a previously unsuspected role for the SC in saccade adaptation.

描述（由申请人提供）：运动适应是中风、损伤或衰老引起的神经损伤相关运动缺陷后功能恢复的重要因素。这种运动的恢复或适应，是由一个误差信号来指示的