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The "Orient" within "Us": Narratives from the Muslim World in Western Oral Tradition

“我们”中的“东方”：西方口头传统中的穆斯林世界叙事

基本信息

批准号：
268416587
负责人：
Professor Dr. Ulrich Marzolph
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (INALCO)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/268416587?language=en
关键词：
Orient within Us Narratives Muslim

项目摘要

The narrative heritage the West owes to the Orient is neither commonly known nor adequately acknowledged, particularly not as far as modern oral tradition is concerned. For many centuries, tales have been an important part of the intellectual goods that travelled East to West. In addition to large collections of tales - such as Kalila wa-Dimna, the Sindbad-name/Seven Sages and The Thousand and One Nights - numerous single tales originating from or adapted by Muslim tradition were transmitted to the West. Predominantly, cultural contacts took place in the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, Palestine and the Levant, Byzantium, and, later, in the contact zones with the Ottoman Empire in North Africa and the Balkans. Many Oriental tales eventually became integral parts of European oral tradition to an extent that the narrators and their audiences are not aware of their foreign origin. It is these tales that the present research project proposes to study in their historical and modern dimension. Methodologically, the research project is grounded in comparative folk narrative research with a particular emphasis on tales deriving from Persian, Arabic, and Turkish tradition. The project will result in the publication of an English-language handbook that contains detailed and comprehensive surveys of approximately 150-200 Oriental narratives documented in Western oral tradition. The resulting publication will thus shed light on the vernacular and popular dimension of the impact of the Orient, an aspect that previous research on Orientalism and cultural contacts between the Orient and the West has neglected. The adequate awareness for the Oriental and, particularly, the Muslim heritage of a considerable body of narratives prevalent in Western oral tradition is much needed as a humanist counterbalance in the late modern world where Muslims are again perceived as the essential Other, often with a derogatory and threatening undertone.

西方欠东方的叙事遗产既不为人所知，也没有得到充分承认，特别是就现代口头传统而言。几个世纪以来，故事一直是东方传播到西方的知识产品的重要组成部分。除了大量的故事集——如《卡利拉·瓦·迪姆纳》、《信德巴德·七贤》和《一千零一夜》——许多源自穆斯林传统或改编自穆斯林传统的单个故事被传播到西方。主要的文化交流发生在伊比利亚半岛、西西里岛、巴勒斯坦和黎凡特、拜占庭，以及后来在北非和巴尔干地区与奥斯曼帝国的接触区。许多东方故事最终成为欧洲口头传统的组成部分，以至于叙述者和他们的听众都没有意识到他们的外国起源。本研究计划拟从历史和现代的角度来研究这些故事。在方法上，该研究项目以比较民间叙事研究为基础，特别强调来自波斯、阿拉伯和土耳其传统的故事。该项目将出版一本英文手册，其中详细和全面地调查了西方口述传统中记载的大约150-200个东方故事。由此产生的出版物将揭示东方影响的白话和大众维度，这是之前关于东方主义和东西方文化接触的研究所忽视的一个方面。对东方的充分认识，尤其是西方口述传统中盛行的大量叙述的穆斯林遗产，在现代晚期非常需要作为一种人文主义的平衡，在现代世界中，穆斯林再次被视为必不可少的他者，经常带有贬损和威胁的意味。