Adaptability of social-ecological spatial systems. Environmental knowledge, learning and governance in small islands from a complexity theory perspective (the Caribbean as an example)

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Small islands can be perceived as complex social-ecological systems. Many Small Island Developing States (SIDS) face a number of global climate change risks which threaten a sustainable development process. Conceptually based on complexity theory and resilience perspective, the project objectives are to analyze how social agents respond to natural pressures and stressors, and how risk and environmental knowledge are produced, integrated and employed to strengthen adaptability and social-ecological resilience. For this purpose, it is necessary to examine knowledge exchange processes across various scales from global to local. Specifically, focus will be put on the interrelations of trans-local expert knowledge and local lay knowledge as well as on the role that hybrid forms of knowledge play in specific contexts. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be laid on the modes of communication and learning processes which influence an adaptive environmental and risk management. In a final step it is aimed to utilize the results for the improvement of adaptive and participatory modes of social-ecological systems governance.