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Emulation of the Graphene structure using photonics

使用光子学模拟石墨烯结构

基本信息

批准号：
270107438
负责人：
Professor Dr. Alexander Szameit, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Physik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/270107438?language=en
关键词：
Emulation Graphene structure using photonics

项目摘要

In this proposal, we will emulate the physics of graphene using optical waveguide arrays that are arranged in honeycomb geometry. Since the paraxial wave equation (which describes the propagation of light through the waveguide array) is mathematically equivalent to the Schrödinger equation (describing the time-evolution of electrons in graphene), the dynamics of a propagating light wave in a periodic refractive index modulation (a waveguide array) will be similar to the evolution of an electronic wave function in the crystalline potential of a solid. In this vein, in an array of waveguides that are arranged in honeycomb geometry, it is possible to directly observe graphene wave dynamics using classical light waves. Particular benefits of using such photonic graphene are: (1) that the edges of electronic graphene tend to be very irregular and contaminated with adsorbates, whereas the use of optical structures to probe these edges provides a natural advantage; (2) that even strongest homogeneous and inhomogeneous strain can be applied to photonic graphene during the fabrication process without damaging the bonds between the single lattice elements; and (3) the possibility to analyze composite disorder (caused by impurities in the periodic lattice) and structural disorder (due to random lateral shifts of the lattice sites) independently of each other and without any correlations, in contrast to conventional graphene, where both disorder types appear simultaneously and in a correlated fashion.By exploiting the analogy between the evolution of electrons in graphene and the propagation of photons in honeycomb photonic structures, we will fabricate novel photonic devices with unprecedented properties, lay the theoretical foundation for their description and understanding, and transfer the results to graphene, where possible. Taking advantage of the ease of fabrication of optical graphene devices, we will not be limited to perfect honeycomb lattices, but we will use experimental techniques to induce strain, compression, and disorder in a controllable fashion, in order to induce new functionalities to the devices. We will exploit the impact of strain and disorder on the graphene structure, we will probe new states inaccessible to conventional graphene, and we will control the existence of these states in the fabricated structures. In the field of solid state physics and materials science, we will be able to explore phenomena which are much easier to demonstrate and study in honeycomb photonic structures than in graphene itself. However, these findings will be associated with the honeycomb structure and Dirac dispersion relation that the two class of materials share. In this vein, a full understanding of the implications of the unique geometry of graphene will facilitate the refinement of existing devices based on graphene as well as the development of new ideas and concepts for applications in various fields.

在这个提议中，我们将使用以蜂窝几何形状排列的光波导阵列来模拟石墨烯的物理学。由于近轴波方程（描述光通过波导阵列的传播）在数学上等价于薛定谔方程（描述石墨烯中电子的时间演化），因此周期性折射率调制（波导阵列）中传播光波的动力学将类似于固体晶体势中电子波函数的演化。在这种情况下，在以蜂窝几何形状排列的波导阵列中，可以使用经典光波直接观察石墨烯波动动力学。使用这种光子石墨烯的特别益处是：（1）电子石墨烯的边缘往往非常不规则并且被吸附物污染，而使用光学结构探测这些边缘提供了天然的优点;（2）在制造过程期间甚至可以将最强的均匀和不均匀应变施加到光子石墨烯，而不会损坏单个晶格元件之间的键;（3）分析复合障碍的可能性（由周期性晶格中的杂质引起）和结构无序（由于晶格位置的随机横向位移）彼此独立并且没有任何相关性，与常规石墨烯相反，其中两种无序类型同时出现并且以相关的方式出现。通过利用石墨烯中电子的演化与蜂窝光子结构中的光子，我们将制造具有前所未有特性的新型光子器件，为其描述和理解奠定理论基础，并在可能的情况下将结果转移到石墨烯。利用光学石墨烯器件易于制造的优势，我们将不限于完美的蜂窝晶格，但我们将使用实验技术以可控的方式诱导应变，压缩和无序，以便为器件引入新的功能。我们将利用应变和无序对石墨烯结构的影响，我们将探测传统石墨烯无法达到的新状态，我们将控制这些状态在制造结构中的存在。在固态物理和材料科学领域，我们将能够探索蜂窝光子结构中比石墨烯本身更容易证明和研究的现象。然而，这些发现将与蜂窝结构和狄拉克色散关系，这两类材料共享。在这种情况下，充分理解石墨烯独特几何结构的含义将有助于改进现有的基于石墨烯的设备，以及开发新的想法和概念，用于各个领域的应用。