Between Two Worlds: The tractate "Light of the Nations" of the Last Jewish Scholastic Philosopher 'Ovadyah Sforno (1475 ca.-1550) in its Hebrew and Latin Version

“两个世界之间”研究项目的主要目的是对犹太知识分子和著名圣经评论家奥巴底亚·斯福诺（Obadiah Sforno，约1475-1550）所著的哲学著作《民族之光》进行全面调查。该论文于1537年以希伯来语出版，标题为Or ' Ammim，作者本人将其翻译成拉丁语（Lumen Gentium(1548)）。斯福诺的文本力图再现古典经院哲学的论证形式（summa），并试图用亚里士多德的方法来颠覆和破坏自己的教义，以此来反驳阿威罗伊的亚里士多德主义，以提升犹太教条式的宗教观念。该研究项目的三个阶段的第一个阶段提供了《光》的第一个批判版，并附有开创性的英语翻译。第二阶段的工作是对这项工作进行科学和哲学的评论。这种深入的研究揭示了经院哲学家和犹太哲学家对文本结构的强烈影响。此外，1540年代出版的关于Or ' Ammim（这里称为Menorah）的长篇评论是根据手稿编辑的，我们的发现导致了作者的身份：Elia di Nola别名di Butrio，医生，拉比和Sforno的学生。该项目的目的扩大了，包括对烛台的评论，并详细阐述了di Nola的方法和他对Sforno作品的广泛调查。它为研究奥巴迪亚·斯福诺的哲学和训诂作品的接受提供了全新的途径。此外，这些新发现有助于确认《诗篇》的大量评论，其中大量提到了斯福诺的全部作品，并将其归因于迪诺拉。在Alessandro Guetta （INALCO，巴黎）和申请人的指导下，这篇评论将由mosh<s:1> kravz首次编辑，作为其博士学位的一部分。在项目的第三阶段也是最后阶段，对光的关键科学评论将通过对Sforno术语、词典编纂和注释的研究来补充。对Sforno术语的调查将与Alessandro Guetta合作进行，他发现了一本希伯来-意大利词典的手稿，由一位匿名作者撰写，提到Or ' Ammim作为其主要来源，这也将在我们的研究中考虑到。这项研究的结果将与DFG的“PESHAT in Context”项目分享。该项目将通过举办第三届研讨会来加强与国际学术界卓有成效的合作，讨论斯福诺思想中训诂学和哲学之间的交集。该项目的研究成果将于2021年以三卷本的形式出版。

The primary aim of the “Between Two Worlds” research project is to conduct a comprehensive inquiry on the philosophical book entitled Light of the Nations written by the Jewish intellectual and eminent biblical commentator Obadiah Sforno (c. 1475–1550). The treatise was published in Hebrew in 1537, with the title of Or ‘Ammim, and the author himself translated the work into Latin (Lumen Gentium (1548)). Sforno’s text strives to reproduce the classical Scholastic argumentation form (summa) and attempts to refute Averroes’ Aristotelianism by using the Aristotelian method to subvert and undermine its own doctrines in order to elevate Jewish dogmatic religious concepts.The first of three phases of the research project provided a first critical edition of the Light, accompanied by pioneering English translations. The second phase contributed to the creation of a scientific and philosophical commentary on the work. This in-depth study disclosed the strong influence of both Scholastic and Jewish philosophers on the structure of the text. Moreover, a lengthy commentary on Or ‘Ammim (called here Menorah) produced in the 1540s was edited from manuscript and our findings led to the identification of its author: Elia di Nola alias di Butrio, a physician, rabbi, and pupil of Sforno. The aim of the project was broadened both including a commentary on the Menorah and giving a detailed exposition of di Nola’s method and his extensive investigation of Sforno’s works. It provides completely new access to the study of the reception of Obadiah Sforno’s philosophical and exegetical oeuvre.Moreover, the new discoveries facilitated the identification of a voluminous commentary on the Psalms containing numerous references to Sforno’s oeuvre and its attribution to di Nola. This commentary will be edited for the first time by Moshé Kravétz as part of his PHD under the supervision of Alessandro Guetta (INALCO, Paris) and the applicant.In the project’s third and final phase, the pivotal scientific commentary on the Light will be supplemented by studies on Sforno’s terminology, lexicography, and exegesis. The enquiry into Sforno’s terminology will be undertaken in co-operation with Alessandro Guetta, who has discovered a manuscript of a Hebrew–Italian dictionary composed by an anonymous author mentioning Or ‘Ammim as its principal source which will also be taken into account in our research. The results of this study will be shared with the DFG “PESHAT in Context” project.The project will enforce its fruitful co-operation with the international academic community by hosting its third symposium dealing with the intersection between exegesis and philosophy in Sforno’s thought. The outcome of the project’s research will be published in a three-volume edition in 2021.