The Southern Upper Rhine Valley (Breisgau Baden-Württemberg and Elsass/Haut Rhin) during the Hallstatt Period. Archaeological and bioarchaeological investigations of settlement organization and social structures

哈尔施塔特时期的南部上莱茵河谷（布赖斯高巴登-符腾堡州和阿尔萨斯/上莱茵省）。

• 批准号: 299021357
• 负责人: Dr. Andrea Bräuning
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsstelle Osteologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/299021357?language=en
• 关键词: Southern; Upper; Rhine; Valley; Breisgau

Due to its geomorphological, climatic, and geographical properties, the Upper Rhine Valley is a closed, fertile, and easily accessible landscape in the distribution area of the Northwest Alpine Hallstatt Culture (800-450 BC). It shows significant indication for the development and alteration of structures of power during the Late Hallstatt Period. For instance, princely graves in monumental mounds are known since the 19th century. Furthermore, the topographical situation and Mediterranean imports found at the hillfort settlements of the Münsterberg in Breisach (Baden-Württemberg) and the Britzgyberg near Illfurth (Haut-Rhin) suggest that they were central places. However, comprehensive publications of the Hallstatt period finds are still lacking and bioarchaeological data are neither available. Therefore, the proposed project seeks to analyze the finds of old and new excavations and to conduct anthropological investigations which build the foundation for further analyses. The research strategy is primarily determined by the find situation - the dominance of graves: Traditional grave analyses will reconstruct burial sequences in the mounds and within cemeteries, define patterns of grave furnishing and map their distribution within the burial sites. This aims on disclosing social structures based on the organization of the cemeteries and rules of grave furnishing. In comparison with the results of osteological and stable isotope analyses, the project will disclose to which extent the hierarchy of grave furnishing was connected to sex, age, origin, diet, and status. GIS analyses of the topographic locations and soil quality in connection with distance analyses of settlements and cemeteries will allow conclusions on settlement organization. Strontium and oxygen isotope analyses of animal teeth will provide indication for land use patterns and animal husbandry strategies. Together with the archaeological record these data will furthermore provide indication for possible functional differentiation, long and short distance relations as well as hierarchical classifications of settlements. The investigations, moreover, address the relations of the central places of Münsterberg and Britzgyberg to each other. Were they contemporarily responsible for own territories leading to competition, or did they exist successively? Connected to this, the research discloses if the Upper Rhine Valley was a culturally, economically, and supposedly also politically uniform area with the Rhine as an important north-south traffic artery, or if the river formed a border between the territories east and west of it. The stable isotope data can also contribute to these evaluations by providing indications for mobility and exchange relations.

由于其地貌，气候和地理特性，上层莱茵河谷是西北高山霍尔斯塔特文化（BC 800-450）的封闭，肥沃且易于获得的景观。它显示出在晚期霍尔施塔特期间的发展和改变权力结构的显着迹象。例如，自19世纪以来，众所周知的山丘中的王子重力。此外，在布雷萨赫（Bareisach）（巴登·韦尔特堡（Baden-Württemberg）的穆斯特伯格（Münsterberg）的山地福特环境中发现的地形状况和地中海进口，在Illfurth（Haut-rhin）附近的Britzgyberg（Haut-Rhin）表明它们是中心地点。但是，Hallstatt期间的全面出版物仍然缺乏，并且生物考古学数据既不可用。因此，拟议的项目旨在分析新旧发掘的发现，并进行人类学研究，为进一步分析奠定基础。研究策略主要取决于发现情况 - 重力的主导地位：传统的严重分析将重建土墩和墓地内的埋葬序列，定义了严重的家具模式，并在埋葬地点绘制其分布。这旨在根据组织的组织和严重家具规则的组织披露社会结构。与骨学和稳定的同位素分析的结果相比，该项目将披露严重家具的层次结构与性别，年龄，起源，饮食和地位有关。 GIS对地形位置和土壤质量的分析与定居点和墓地的距离分析有关，将得出结论。动物牙齿的锶和氧同位素分析将为土地使用模式和畜牧策略提供指示。与考古记录一起，这些数据还将为可能的功能分化，长距离和短距离关系以及设置的分层分类提供指示。此外，调查介绍了穆斯特伯格和布里茨贝格的中心地点的关系。他们是当代对自己的领土造成竞争的负责，还是成功存在？该研究与此相关，揭示了上层莱茵河谷是文化，经济和预期的莱茵河，莱茵河是重要的南北交通动脉，或者河流在其东部和西部的领土之间形成边界。稳定的同位素数据也可以通过提供移动性和交换关系的指示来促进这些评估。