Knowledge for decision-making in milestone-driven product development processes

在全球环境中开发复杂产品需要高效的流程。已制定项目计划和里程碑，以便在项目管理范围内进行计划和实施。对于这些里程碑，人工制品的当前设计状态将根据不同的标准进行审查，例如制造设计和适销性。为了使决策成为可能，必须提供完整的知识（如产品、方法、组织和工具的知识）。因此，技术工件的沟通过程和知识交换必须在整个产品开发过程中顺利进行。此外，决策者需要有足够的知识来实现与里程碑评估相关的不同工件。在里程碑驱动的产品开发过程中，知识网络领域的科学研究目前还不够充分。在这个子项目中，将分析知识载体、知识类型和产品开发过程之间的相关性，以开发一种新的方法，并在用例中进行验证。主要目标是为里程碑驱动产品开发过程中基于知识的工程设计决策开发一种新的方法。为了管理产品、过程和组织的复杂性，将开发一个通用的参考过程与效果模型相结合，以可视化知识类型、知识载体和工件之间的联系。基于情景式专家访谈的结果，开发产品开发过程的一般阶段和里程碑，以及知识类型和知识载体与阶段和里程碑的相关性，并将其表示为效应模型。此外，新方法的开发确保了结果在公司中的利用。因此，公司特定的开发过程将根据定义的阶段和里程碑进行复制。知识载体和知识类型信息可用于改进知识管理，指导产品开发过程。综上所述，在里程碑驱动的开发过程中，可以适当地提供不同知识载体的集体知识。主动的、以情境为导向的知识提供的改进使参与过程的每个人都能根据时间和质量改进程序。

The development of complex products in a global environment requires efficient processes. Project plans and milestones have been established for planning and implementation within project management. To these milestones the current design status of the artefacts will be reviewed in regard to different criteria, like design for manufacture and marketability. In order to enable decision-making the complete knowledge (like knowledge for products, methods, organisation and tools) has to be available. Therefore, communication processes and knowledge exchange for technical artefacts have to function smoothly for the entire product development process. Additionally, decision maker need sufficient knowledge for the implementation of different artefacts regarding the evaluation of milestones. Scientific research in the field of knowledge networks in milestone-driven product development processes has been conducted inadequately so far. In this subproject the correlation between knowledge carriers, knowledge types and the product development process will be analysed in order to develop a new methodology which will be validated in a use case.The main objective is the development of a new approach for the knowledge based decision-making in milestone-driven product development processes regarding engineering design. In order to manage product, process and organisational complexity a generic reference process in combination with an effect model will be developed to visualize the links between knowledge types, knowledge carriers and artefacts. Based on the results of episodic expert interviews, generic phases and milestones of the product development process as well as the correlation of knowledge types and knowledge carriers with the phases and milestones will be developed and represented in an effect model. Furthermore, the development of a new approach ensures the utilization of the results in companies. Therefore, the company specific development process will be reproduced according to the defined phases and milestones. The information of knowledge carriers and knowledge types can be used to improve the knowledge management and to conduct the product development process. In conclusion, the collective knowledge of different knowledge carriers can be appropriately provided in milestone-driven development processes. The improvement of the proactive, context orientated provision of knowledge enables everyone involved in the process to improve the procedure according to time and quality.