Knowledge for decision-making in milestone-driven product development processes

在全球环境中开发复杂产品需要高效的流程。已经制定了项目计划和里程碑，以便在项目管理中进行规划和实施。为了达到这些里程碑，将根据不同的标准，如可制造性设计和可销售性，审查文物的当前设计状况。为了能够进行决策，必须具备完整的知识(如有关产品、方法、组织和工具的知识)。因此，技术产品的沟通过程和知识交流必须在整个产品开发过程中顺利运行。此外，决策者需要有足够的知识来实施与里程碑评估有关的不同人工产物。迄今为止，里程碑驱动的产品开发过程中的知识网络领域的科学研究还不够充分。在这个子项目中，将分析知识载体、知识类型和产品开发过程之间的关系，以开发一种新的方法，并将在使用案例中进行验证。主要目标是开发一种新的方法，用于在与工程设计相关的里程碑驱动的产品开发过程中进行基于知识的决策。为了管理产品、流程和组织的复杂性，将开发一个通用的参考流程，并结合效果模型，以直观地显示知识类型、知识载体和人工制品之间的联系。基于情景专家访谈的结果，将制定产品开发过程的一般阶段和里程碑，以及知识类型和知识载体与阶段和里程碑的关联，并以效果模型表示。此外，新方法的开发确保了结果在公司中的利用。因此，将根据定义的阶段和里程碑重现公司特定的开发流程。知识载体和知识类型的信息可以用来改进知识管理，指导产品开发过程。总而言之，在里程碑驱动的开发过程中，可以适当地提供不同知识载体的集体知识。改进主动的、面向背景的知识提供，使参与这一进程的每个人都能根据时间和质量改进程序。

The development of complex products in a global environment requires efficient processes. Project plans and milestones have been established for planning and implementation within project management. To these milestones the current design status of the artefacts will be reviewed in regard to different criteria, like design for manufacture and marketability. In order to enable decision-making the complete knowledge (like knowledge for products, methods, organisation and tools) has to be available. Therefore, communication processes and knowledge exchange for technical artefacts have to function smoothly for the entire product development process. Additionally, decision maker need sufficient knowledge for the implementation of different artefacts regarding the evaluation of milestones. Scientific research in the field of knowledge networks in milestone-driven product development processes has been conducted inadequately so far. In this subproject the correlation between knowledge carriers, knowledge types and the product development process will be analysed in order to develop a new methodology which will be validated in a use case.The main objective is the development of a new approach for the knowledge based decision-making in milestone-driven product development processes regarding engineering design. In order to manage product, process and organisational complexity a generic reference process in combination with an effect model will be developed to visualize the links between knowledge types, knowledge carriers and artefacts. Based on the results of episodic expert interviews, generic phases and milestones of the product development process as well as the correlation of knowledge types and knowledge carriers with the phases and milestones will be developed and represented in an effect model. Furthermore, the development of a new approach ensures the utilization of the results in companies. Therefore, the company specific development process will be reproduced according to the defined phases and milestones. The information of knowledge carriers and knowledge types can be used to improve the knowledge management and to conduct the product development process. In conclusion, the collective knowledge of different knowledge carriers can be appropriately provided in milestone-driven development processes. The improvement of the proactive, context orientated provision of knowledge enables everyone involved in the process to improve the procedure according to time and quality.