Ashkenazi Jewry in the later Middle Ages. Potentials of Regional Networks towards Coping, Adaptation, and Transformation

中世纪后期的德系犹太人。

基本信息

项目摘要

This project investigates the options of agency and the resilience strategies of the Jewish minority of Ashkenaz, i.e., in the German Kingdom and the neighbouring areas of settlement of German-speaking Jews, in the face of convulsive phenomena of disruption between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries. During the first funding period the serious persecutions of 1348–51 and a phase of intensified repression experienced by the Jews of Ashkenaz between c.1380 and c.1420 offered the occasions for two separate studies. In the second funding period we will look at the new round of intensified legal and ideological efforts aimed at excluding Jews and disruptive phenomena from c.1470, in view of the options left to the Jewish families and communities. By the end of the two funding periods we intend to arrive at an assessment as to the influence of mid-term resilience strategies adopted by individuals and collective agents (networking, migration, diplomacy, conversion) on the long-term development in the conditions of Jewish life in Ashkenaz. We will test the hypothesis that resilience processes were changing: Under the cumulating influence of a series of disruptive phenomena, they feature not only coping and adaptation but tended to activate also potentials of transformation. We propose to show that this change can be traced in the relationship between instuttions and individual agents. Next to the traditional forms of Jewish life in urban communities, from the late-fifteenth century on we increasingly confront a Jewry that has been described as ‘atomized’ in previous research but which, in fact, is characterize by network-like settlement structures and the activity of strong individual agents, who together shaped the preconditions for a durable formation of ‘rural Jewry’ in a number of important regions. The third study in the framework of the present project is hence concerned with ‘Potentials of Coping, Adaptation, and Transformation in Regional Netoworks’. It will focus on a comparative analysis of three regions in which, at the turn of the Early Modern Period, still featured a substantial number of Jewish settlements: Franconia, the Wetterau, and Alsace. The three have all been appreciated in previous historical research, particularly in view of the favourable structures of lordship. Comparative analysis will allow us to assess the relative importance of individuals, networks, and institutions (communities) in the resilience processes between c.1470 and the mid-sixteenth century, reflected in coping, adaptation, and transformation. Empirical research will thus contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics at work in Ashkenazi-Jewish society and in Christian-Jewish relations at the end of the medieval period, by viewing them as resilience processes.
该项目调查了阿什肯纳兹犹太少数民族的机构选择和弹性策略,即,在德意志王国和邻近讲德语的犹太人定居地区,面对十四世纪和十六世纪之间的动荡混乱现象,在第一个资助期间,1348- 1351年的严重迫害和1380年至1420年间阿什肯纳兹犹太人经历的加紧镇压阶段为两个独立的研究提供了机会。在第二个供资期,我们将着眼于新一轮的强化法律的和意识形态努力,目的是将犹太人和破坏性现象排除在约1470年之外,考虑到留给犹太家庭和社区的选择。在两个供资期结束时,我们打算评估个人和集体代理人(网络,移民,外交,皈依)采取的中期复原力战略对阿什肯纳兹犹太人生活条件长期发展的影响。我们将测试的假设,弹性过程正在发生变化:在一系列的破坏性现象的累积影响下,他们的特点不仅应对和适应,但往往也激活潜在的转型。我们建议表明,这种变化可以追溯到instuttions和个人代理之间的关系。除了传统的犹太人在城市社区的生活形式,从世纪后期开始,我们越来越多地面对一种在以前的研究中被描述为“原子化”的犹太人,但事实上,这种犹太人的特点是网络状的定居结构和强大的个人代理人的活动,他们共同塑造了一些重要地区“农村犹太人”持久形成的先决条件。因此,本项目框架内的第三项研究涉及“应对、适应和区域网络转型的潜力”。它将集中在三个地区的比较分析,其中,在现代早期的转折,仍然有大量的犹太人定居点:弗兰肯,韦特劳和阿尔萨斯。这三个人在以前的历史研究中都得到了赞赏,特别是考虑到有利的领主结构。比较分析将使我们能够评估个人,网络和机构(社区)的相对重要性,在1470年和16世纪中叶之间的弹性过程中,反映在应对,适应和转型。因此,实证研究将有助于更好地了解在德系犹太人社会和基督教犹太人的关系在中世纪时期结束时,在工作中的动态,通过将它们视为弹性过程。

项目成果

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Professor Dr. Lukas Clemens其他文献

Professor Dr. Lukas Clemens的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Lukas Clemens', 18)}}的其他基金

Resilience in Southern Italy under the Early Angevin Rulers (1266–1309)
早期安茹统治者统治下意大利南部的韧性(1266â1309)
  • 批准号:
    315062127
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Units
Early Christian burial traditions in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Findings from Burial Contexts of the Cemetery Basilica below St Maximin, Trier
古代晚期和中世纪早期的早期基督教埋葬传统:特里尔圣马克西敏下方公墓大教堂埋葬环境的发现
  • 批准号:
    291089196
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Geschichte der Juden im Osten des mittelalterlichen Reiches: Das Beispiel der Mark Brandenburg (13. - 16. Jahrhundert)
中世纪帝国东部犹太人的历史:勃兰登堡进军的例子(13-16世纪)
  • 批准号:
    153622021
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Archäozoologische Untersuchungen zum frühmittelalterlichen Nonnenkloster St. Irminen in Trier (8.-10. Jahrhundert)
对特里尔中世纪早期圣伊尔米宁女修道院(8-10 世纪)的考古动物学调查
  • 批准号:
    26909656
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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