Multifunctional Microporous Polymer Networks by Oxidative Polymerizations

微孔聚合物网络（mpn）是一种新兴的新型功能材料，它结合了传统多孔材料的几个优点，如沸石、活性炭或金属有机框架。由于扭曲但刚性的结构，这些聚合物表现出极高的孔隙率，而它们的共价有机性质确保了轻质和高热稳定性和化学稳定性。由于完全由有机化合物组成，因此可以对可接近的大表面积的化学性质以及所产生的网络的物理性质进行精确控制。所有这些特性使得微孔聚合物在许多应用中都很有趣，特别是在气体储存和分离方面，但最近它们在能源应用或有机电子方面的巨大潜力也得到了展示。最后，mpn在催化领域开辟了新的前景，因为可以引入各种有机功能作为聚合物骨架的维持部分。本项目将开发新型功能性噻吩、咔唑或吡咯单体氧化聚合合成mpn。具有明确定义的孔隙度、表面积、微观结构和形态以及官能团分布的网络将被合成并测试其气体吸附和电子性能。我们将首次通过精心挑选的单体共聚合制备多功能mpn，并将其用作重要反应的催化剂，如光催化水分解和各种其他反应，其中（对映体）选择性将通过生物启发方法定制，即在功能有机环境中引入活性金属位点。

Microporous Polymer Networks (MPNs) are an emerging new class of functional materials, which combine several advantages of conventional porous matter, like zeolites, activated charcoals or metal¿organic frameworks. Due to a contorted but rigid structure, these polymers exhibit exceptionally high porosities, while their covalent organic nature ensures lightweight and high thermal and chemical stability. As solely composed of organic compounds, an exquisite control over the chemical nature of the large accessible surface areas as well as the physical properties of the resulting networks is possible. All these properties make microporous polymers interesting for a number of applications, especially for gas storage and separation, but recently also their great potential in energy applications or for organic electronics has been shown. Finally, MPNs open new prospects in the field of catalysis, as various organic functionalities can be introduced as maintaining parts of the polymer backbones. This project will develop MPNs synthesized by oxidative polymerization of novel, functional thiophene-, carbazole- or pyrrole- monomers. Networks with well-defined porosity, surface area, microstructure and morphology, as well as distribution of functional groups will be synthesized and tested for their gas sorption and electronic properties. For the first time, we will prepare multifunctional MPNs by co-polymerization of carefully chosen monomers and apply them as catalyst for important reactions such as photocatalytic water splitting and diverse other reactions in which the (enantio)selectivity will be tailored by a bio-inspired approach namely the introduction of active metal sites in functional organic environments.