Integrated OMICS Study of the Beneficial Effects of Egg Shell Membrane-derived Resistant Protein on Intestinal Bacteria

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Consumption of resistant proteins (RP: non-digestible proteins) has been reported to exert beneficial functions. However, the involvement of gut microbiota in such beneficial effects is not fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown eggshel membrane (ESM) and sake cake (Profiber: PFB) contain a large amount of RP. Here, I performed the first animal experiment to investigate the effects of dietary ESM or PFB on metabolic dysfunctions and gut dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD).A total of 48 C57BL6J male mice was assigned randomly to the following six dietary groups: (1) Control diet (Ctrl), (2) high-fat diet (HFD), (3) HFD with 8% ESM (HESM), (4) HFD with 8% ESM+ antibiotics mix (ESMAbx), (5) HFD with 30% PFB (HPFB), (6) HFD with 30% PFB + antibiotics mix (PFBAbx). Compared with Ctrl group, mice fed an HFD showed increased body weight, visceral fat mass, liver weight, liver triglycerides, and liver cholesterol. Compared with the HFD group, the mice body weight gains were reduced in both of HESM and ESMAbx groups. However, the mice body weight gains were not affected in HPFB and PFBAbx groups compared that in the HFD group. The oral glucose tolerance test was not affected in these treatment groups. PFB treatment reduced the level of cholesterol in serum and liver. Compared with the Ctrl group, HFD showed increased level of immunoglobulin (IgA) in colon content. ESM treatment did not affect IgA level in colon content compared with that of HFD group. PFB treatment was shown to slightly increase the IgA level in colon content.