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The communicative construction of marginal social spheres: fragile interaction with people who suffer from autism spectrum disorders

边缘社会领域的交往建构：与自闭症谱系障碍患者的脆弱互动

基本信息

批准号：
328202917
负责人：
Professor Dr. Ronald Hitzler
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Soziologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/328202917?language=en
关键词：
communicative construction marginal social spheres

项目摘要

We understand borders of sociality, first, as being constituted by people labeling certain other humans in a particular manner as marginal. Second, we define borders of sociality through specific localities, that is, when these particular humans can preferably be found at certain places or sites.To be more precise, we focus on humans with severe developmental disorders in the autism-spectrum. Exemplary, we investigate when and how communication becomes questionable and how the non-communicative other is constructed in the case of humans with severe autistic disorders. In this research, humans capable of what is commonly understood as communication meet others, whose communicative performance often raises a doubt among the former about whether the latter are like them, perceive the world in a similar way and have similar needs. Precisely, these uncertainties resulting from irritations of communicative expectations turn the counterpart into a stranger or strange creature and expose the dealing with him as a border of sociality. This contact inevitably includes, that the involved actors (physicians, therapists and nursing staff), just as relatives and members, make acting in situations of therapy, nursing and care plausible, both for themselves and third parties - i.e. to suggest intended communication and to expect meaning-appropriate reactions of the other person.On the whole, we seek to reconstruct the ways how a) doubts about the happening of communication are constituted, b) actors handle and overcome these doubts, c) problems related to the communication with non-communicatable labeled other people are solved, and d) these solutions are made plausible and thus how secondary sociality or normality is constructed.

我们理解社会性的边界，首先，是由人们以一种特定的方式将某些其他人贴上边缘的标签构成的。其次，我们通过特定的地点来定义社会性的边界，也就是说，当这些特定的人最好在特定的地点或地点被发现时。更准确地说，我们关注的是患有严重发育障碍的自闭症患者。作为示范，我们调查了交流何时以及如何变得有问题，以及在患有严重自闭症的人类的情况下，非交流的他人是如何构建的。在这项研究中，能够进行通常所理解的交流的人遇到了其他人，他们的交流表现经常引起前者的怀疑，即后者是否和他们一样，以相似的方式感知世界，并有相似的需求。准确地说，这些由交流期望的刺激而产生的不确定性将对方变成了一个陌生人或奇怪的生物，并暴露了与他打交道的社会性边界。这种联系不可避免地包括，相关行为者(医生、治疗师和护理人员)，就像亲属和成员一样，使他们自己和第三方在治疗、护理和护理的情况下采取行动是可信的--即建议有意的交流并期望对方做出适当的意义反应。总的来说，我们试图重建a)对交流发生的怀疑是如何构成的，b)参与者如何处理和克服这些怀疑，c)与不可交流的标签的其他人的交流相关的问题被解决，以及d)这些解决方案被使之可信，从而第二社会性或常态是如何构建的。