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Panglial calcium signalling in the olfactory bulb

嗅球中的神经胶质细胞钙信号传导

基本信息

批准号：
350733686
负责人：
Professor Dr. Christian Lohr
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Neurophysiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/350733686?language=en
关键词：
Panglial calcium signalling olfactory bulb

项目摘要

During the past two decade, it has become more and more obvious that glial cells are essential and active components of the nervous system contributing to brain function. Few studies have shown that different types of glial cells such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes are coupled by gap junctions to each other to form so-called panglial networks. Panglial networks are supposed to support K+ siphoning and metabolic supply of axons, however, whether calcium signalling is transmitted from one type of glial cell to another via panglial routes has not been shown before. The proposed project aims to show that in mice calcium transients evoked in astrocytes can be transmitted to olfactory ensheathing glial cells (OECs), a specialized type of glial cells that share properties of both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. OECs are found in the superficial layer of the olfactory bulb, the nerve layer, where they ensheath bundles of axons and are well seperated from astrocyte cell bodies which are located in deeper layers of the olfactory bulb. However, astrocytes project some proccesses into the nerve layer, suggesting possible interactions between astrocytes and OECs. Our preliminary results indicate that astrocytes and OECs are coupled by gap junctions formed by connexin 43. The proposed experiments will test the hypothesis that calcium transients locally evoked in astrocytes, e.g. by laser-mediated photoactivation of the "caged" agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors, ACPD, can be transmitted to OECs via gap junctions and thereby establish panglial calcium signalling. Panglial calcium signalling subsequently triggers vasoresponses in blood vessels enwrapped by OECs. The project will contribute to our understanding how glial cells communicate with each other and how this accounts for regulation and maintenance of brain function.

在过去的二十年里，越来越多的人认识到胶质细胞是神经系统中重要的活性成分，对脑功能有重要的作用。很少有研究表明，不同类型的胶质细胞（如星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞）通过间隙连接相互偶联，形成所谓的神经节网络。Panglial网络被认为支持K+虹吸和轴突的代谢供应，然而，钙信号是否通过Panglial途径从一种类型的神经胶质细胞传递到另一种类型的神经胶质细胞之前尚未显示。拟议的项目旨在表明，在小鼠中，星形胶质细胞中诱发的钙瞬变可以传递到嗅鞘神经胶质细胞（OECs），这是一种特殊类型的神经胶质细胞，具有星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞的特性。嗅鞘细胞存在于嗅球的浅层，即神经层，在那里它们包裹着轴突束，并与位于嗅球深层的星形胶质细胞体很好地分离。然而，星形胶质细胞投射一些过程到神经层，表明星形胶质细胞和OECs之间可能存在相互作用。我们的初步结果表明，星形胶质细胞和嗅鞘细胞连接蛋白43形成的间隙连接耦合。拟议的实验将测试的假设，局部诱发的星形胶质细胞中的钙瞬变，例如通过激光介导的光活化的“笼”激动剂的代谢型谷氨酸受体，ACPD，可以通过间隙连接传输到OECs，从而建立panglial钙信号。血管节钙信号随后触发由OECs包裹的血管中的血管反应。该项目将有助于我们了解神经胶质细胞如何相互沟通，以及这如何解释大脑功能的调节和维持。