Coordination Funds

定义和范围：优先方案旨在从基础科学的角度调查故意引入和控制结构和/或成分无序的材料的光子特性。这一新兴研究领域的最新发展表明，打破周期性为具有期望的、不寻常的和不可预见的光学性质的新型材料和器件开辟了制造路线。对于这些项目，必须确定用于人工合成或制造具有定制无序的可见光和近红外波长范围的光子结构的设计规则，并结合以下研究方向之一：·识别和表征显示具有源于无序的属性的光子纳米结构的生物蓝图，·开发理论和数值工具来模拟具有定制无序的结构，·开发具有依赖于定制无序的属性的新型结构。优先计划的最终目标是理解，人工设计和制造一类用于各种应用的新型先进光子材料和定制器件，其性能与2-D/3-D结构中的定制无序有关。然而，本计划中的项目不应涉及超材料、单个等离子体天线或材料系统，例如传统的光子晶体，这些材料的定义特性主要来自有效材料或其周期性，其可能存在的固有无序是相当可忽略或不希望的，并且由于任意的制造不准确而发生。与光子输运无关而是其他波状输运或散射现象的材料系统，如电子输运、声波、物质波或自旋波，无论它们是发生在有序还是无序介质中，也应被排除在外。尽管化学功能化在制造无序光子结构中的自组装方面应被认为是本优先计划要解决的一个有效主题，但基于DNA功能化的自组装应被排除在外。该计划侧重于使用一种系统的科学和工程方法在材料中产生不同类型的量身定制的无序，其中各种自然科学和工程科学学科通过合作，例如使用来自生物系统的灵感、来自物理、化学方法的结果和来自建模的验证，以及材料科学和工程成就。将优先考虑将至少两个具体科学学科结合在一起的项目，以进一步促进本方案所表达的迫切需要的总体跨学科方法。

Definition and Scope:The Priority Programme aims at the investigation of photonic properties of materials with deliberately introduced and controlled structural and/or compositional disorder from a fundamental scientific perspective. Recent developments in this emerging research field showed that breaking periodicity opens fabrication routes for novel materials and devices with desired, unusual and unforeseen optical properties.For the projects it is mandatory to identify design rules for artificial synthesis or fabrication of photonic architectures for the visible and NIR wavelength range with tailored disorder, in combination with one of the following research directions:• identification and characterisation of biological blueprints showing photonic nano-structures with properties originating from disorder,• development of theoretical and numerical tools to model structures with tailored disorder,• development of novel structures with properties that rely on tailored disorder.The Priority Programme’s final goal is to comprehend, artificially design and fabricate a novel class of advanced photonic materials and custom-made devices for a variety of applications, the performance of which is related to tailored disorder within 2-D/3-D architectures.However, projects in this programme shall not be concerned with metamaterials, individual plasmonic antennas or material systems, such as conventional photonic crystals, that derive their defining properties primarily from effective materials or their periodicity, and whose probably present intrinsic disorder is rather negligible or undesired and just happens due to arbitrary fabrication inaccuracies. Material systems that are not concerned with photon transport but other wave-like transport or scattering phenomena such as electron transport, sound waves, matter waves or spin waves regardless of whether they occur in ordered or disordered media shall also be excluded. Albeit chemical functionalisation to enable self-assembly aspects in the fabrication of disordered photonic structures shall be considered a valid topic to be addressed within this Priority Programme, self-assembly based on DNA-functionalisation shall be excluded.The programme focusses on the generation of different types of tailored disorder in materials using a methodical science- and engineering approach in which various natural science and engineering science disciplines cooperate, by using e.g. inspiration from biological systems, results from physics, chemical approaches and validation from modelling, together with materials science and engineering achievements. Priority will be given to projects that combine at least two of the specified scientific disciplines to further promote the strongly desired overall interdisciplinary approach expressed in this programme.