Drawing a differentiation potency index of iPSC based on genomic imprinting

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To evaluate iPSC from the aspect of genomic imprinting, we analyzed DNA methylation status of imprinting related differentially methylated regions (DMRs), which were scattered throughout the genome, in iPSCs derived from mouse fibroblast, peripheral blood cells of normal human and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome patients. We also analyzed hepatoblastomas, which originated from immature liver precursor cells. We found that in mouse iPSC, the methylation status of many DMRs decreased after reprogramming and that a certain number of DMRs restored their methylation status during retinoic acid induced differentiation. Human iPSC showed that methylation patterns of several DMRs changed to paternal epigenotype after reprogramming. Finally, hepatoblastoma analysis suggested that the occurrence of hypomethylation at a few DMRs prior to tumor development.