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Coping with environmental change: the importance of adaptive thermoregulatory flexibility for Malagasy bats

应对环境变化：适应性体温调节灵活性对马达加斯加蝙蝠的重要性

基本信息

批准号：
397982568
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Kathrin Dausmann
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Funktionelle Ökologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/397982568?language=en
关键词：
Coping environmental change importance adaptive

项目摘要

The energy budgets of animal species are closely linked to their environment. Species that occur in habitats with differing ecological and climatic conditions must be able to flexibly cope with these varying conditions. This holds also true for changes owing to seasonality, human-caused fragmentation or global climate change that can be challenging, because they often involve increased energy requirements. Madagascar is particularly affected by anthropogenic changes, as > 90% of the original environments are already altered. Despite their important ecosystem services and their great contribution to the preservation of ecosystems, and the acute threat to their natural habitat, surprisingly little is known about Malagasy bats.The major objective of this project is to examine the energy management of Malagasy bat species, especially Hipposideros commersoni, related to varying and changing environmental conditions, roost choice, and parasite load. The species investigated live in the most arid and unpredictable zone of the island, which undergoes drastic seasonal changes in ambient temperature, precipitation and resource availability. Therefore, we will examine the energy budgets and thermal biology of the bats directly in the field and relate these physiological parameters to local environmental characteristics, and compare them in two habitats with different roosting possibilities (cave vs. tree hollows), leading to very different microclimatic conditions, to draw conclusion on the flexibility of these physiological responses. We also document occurrence and intensity of heterothermy, one of the most powerful responses for small, endothermic mammals to cope with energy and water bottlenecks. Our study will contribute new information about the ecological and physiological demands and responses of bat species inhabiting extreme environments, which is crucial for the identification of habitat characteristics critical for the survival of mammals in general. Moreover, our results will enable reliable predictions about the capacity of bats to endure environmental and climatic change. Last but not least, our results will enable us to make comparisons with 1) temperate and tropical bats from other regions and continents and 2) the well-documented torpor patterns of Malagasy lemurs. These comparisons will allow us to address important, unanswered questions on the evolution of mammalian thermoregulation and the variability and possibly plesiomorphic character of heterothermy.

动物物种的能量收支与其所处的环境密切相关。在生态和气候条件不同的生境中出现的物种必须能够灵活地科普这些不同的条件。这也适用于季节性、人为造成的碎片化或全球气候变化造成的变化，这些变化可能具有挑战性，因为它们往往涉及能源需求的增加。马达加斯加特别受到人为变化的影响，因为> 90%的原始环境已经改变。尽管他们的重要的生态系统服务和他们的巨大贡献，保护生态系统，并严重威胁到他们的自然栖息地，令人惊讶的是鲜为人知的马达加斯加bats.The项目的主要目标是研究马达加斯加蝙蝠物种的能量管理，特别是Hipposideros sputsoni，与变化和不断变化的环境条件，栖息地的选择，和寄生虫负载。所调查的物种生活在岛上最干旱和不可预测的地区，环境温度、降水和资源供应都经历着剧烈的季节性变化。因此，我们将直接在现场检查蝙蝠的能量预算和热生物学，并将这些生理参数与当地环境特征相关联，并将它们在两个具有不同栖息可能性的栖息地（洞穴与树洞）中进行比较，导致非常不同的小气候条件，得出这些生理反应的灵活性的结论。我们还记录了发生和强度的异温性，最强大的反应之一，小型，吸热哺乳动物，以科普能源和水的瓶颈。我们的研究将提供有关栖息在极端环境中的蝙蝠物种的生态和生理需求和反应的新信息，这对于识别对哺乳动物生存至关重要的栖息地特征至关重要。此外，我们的研究结果将能够可靠地预测蝙蝠承受环境和气候变化的能力。最后但并非最不重要的是，我们的研究结果将使我们能够与1）来自其他地区和大陆的温带和热带蝙蝠进行比较，2）马达加斯加狐猴的有据可查的麻木模式。这些比较将使我们能够解决重要的，未回答的问题，哺乳动物的体温调节和变异性的演变，并可能plesiomorphic性状的异温性。