Systematization of wood species and its use excavated from relics in Japan

收集了此前有关日本出土木材鉴定的467份报告，经鉴定的木材遗骸达55，742件，总记录数为11965件。因此，我们的数据库涵盖了CA。60，000件已识别的木材或木制工具，可分别按木制工具、树种、时代和文物进行分类。此外，一些著名的木材，如杉（柳杉）和扁柏（扁柏）的使用，很容易按木制工具，时代，文物和参考文献的顺序列出。在树种及用途方面，结果如下：扁柏最常用于宫殿等古建筑的柱子。第二个重要的建筑树种是近畿地区的Kouyamaki（Scidopitys verticillata）和静冈县的Inumaki（Podocarpus macrophyllus）。卡亚（Torreya nucifera）和Matu（Diploxylon）以及Sugi和Kusunoki（Cinnamomum kuiora）经常用于日志船。约90%的农具被鉴定为喀什（Quercus sp.，鞘冈属）。虽然在明治时代之后，津植被认为是最好的梳子材料，但在古代，总状黄杨（Distyelusracemosum）被用作梳子的数量远远超过津植（Buxusmicrophylla）。杉木和扁柏木是日本木屐最受欢迎的材料。紫玉兰（Magnolia obovata），明治时代后被频繁使用，但在古代并不经常使用。桐（毛泡桐），通常被称为日本木屐的最佳材料，根本没有使用。杉、扁柏、木（榉树）、楠木、樱（李属）和桑（Morusaustralis）是最好的木质容器材料。Kouyamaki在近畿地区经常用于木棺材，而Hinoki则用于其他地区。这些结果的取得，得益于我国古代树种信息数据库的成功及其应用。

The previous 467 reports, dealing with the identification of excavated wood in Japan, were collected and the identified wooden remains came up to 55,742; the total record number was 11965. Thus, our data base covers ca. 60,000 of identified wood or wooden implements, which are possible to be sorted by wooden implements, tree species, era, and relics, respectively. Furthermore, the utilization of some distinguished wood, for example, Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica) and Hinoki(Chamaecyparis obtusa) is easy to list up in order of wooden implements, era, relics and references. The results for tree species and use are as follows: Hinoki was most frequently used for the pillars of ancient buildings such as palace. The second important tree species for buildings was Kouyamaki(Sciadopitys verticillata) in Kinki district and Inumaki(Podocarpus macrophyllus) in Sizuoka prefecture. Kaya(Torreya nucifera) and Matu(Diploxylon) as well as Sugi and Kusunoki(Cinnamomum camphora) were frequently used for log-boats. About 90 % of agricultural implements were identified as Kashi(Quercus sp., Syclobalanopsis). Isunoki(Distylium racemosum) was used for comb much more than Tsuge(Buxus microphylla) in ancient era, though the latter is known as the best materials for comb after Meiji era. Sugi and Hinoki were the most popular materials for Japanese wooden clogs. Hoonoki(Magnolia obovata), frequently used after Meiji era, was not used very often in ancient era. Kiri(Paulownia tomentosa) which is commonly known as the best materials for the Japanese clogs was not used at all. Sugi, Hinoki, Keyaki(Zelkova serrata), Kusunoki, Sakura(Prunus sp.) and Kuwa(Morus australis) were the best materials for wooden vessels. Kouyamaki was used for wooden coffins very often in Kinki district, while Hinoki was used for those in other district. These results came from the success of data base on the informations of tree species and its use in ancient era.