Development of Biological Ultrasonic Micro-Specroscopy System

生物超声显微光谱（Bio-UMS）系统是一种在VHF和UHF波段对生物软、硬组织进行微观表征的新的研究工具，它建立了一种测量生物体声波速度、衰减、生物软组织样本夹在熔融石英缓冲层的平行表面之间杆在其相对端上具有ZnO压电膜换能器。该方法是声传输线比较方法，其中参考介质是蒸馏水。为了获得高的测量精度，涉及到两个杆表面平行度的精密机械对准、差距距离的移动调整和信号处理技术。本文介绍了用牛的肝脏、心肌和脂肪组织进行测量的结果。 ...更多信息 已经开发了组织表征。该系统在振幅和相位模式下操作，并且可以测量声学特性，即，二维彩色成像中的组织的速度和衰减，以及成像区域中任意点处的速度和衰减。用福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的样品制备了犬心肌梗塞组织。定量地确定了由于病理性变性而引起的组织声学特性的空间变化。还提出了一个修正的定量表征模型，其中的声多次反射和样品的粘度的影响已被考虑在内。声显微镜已被讨论，以调查生物硬组织的粘弹性，牙科材料。线聚焦束（LFB）声学显微镜的定量应用，以及点聚焦束（PFB）声学显微镜的成像应用，已经令人满意地证明了这种可能性。特别是，LFB声学显微镜可以预期将发挥重要作用，作为一个强大的工具，以解决各种牙科材料，包括牙釉质和牙本质的牙科硬组织，以及用于修复人类牙齿的牙科陶瓷和复合材料的基本和实际问题。少

A biological ultrasonic micro-spectroscopy (Bio-UMS) system has been developed as a new research tool to characterize biological soft and hard tissues on a microscopic scale in the VHF and UHF ranges.A method has been developed for measuring the bulk acoustic properties such as velocity, attenuation, and density in reflection and transmission modes with the biological soft tissue specimen sandwiched between the parallel surfaces of fused quartz buffer rods having ZnO piezoelectric film transducers on their opposite ends. The method is an acoustic transmission line comparison method wherein the reference medium is distilled water. Techniques of precise mechanical alignment for parallelism of the two rod surfaces, movement to adjust the gap distance, and signal processing are involved in order to obtain high measurement accuracy. Results of measurements with bovine tissues of liver, heart muscle, and fat have been presented.A reflection-type acoustic microscope system for biological soft … More tissue characterization has been developed. This system operates in both amplitude and phase modes, and can measure acoustic properties, viz., velocity and attenuation, of tissues in two-dimensional color imaging, as well as at arbitrary points in an imaging area. A demonstration for dog cardiac infarcted tissues prepared from a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sample has been made. Spatial hanges of acoustic properties in tissues due to pathological degeneration were quantitatively determined. A revised model for the quantitative characterization has been also proposed wherein the effects of acoustic multiple reflection and viscosity of the sample have been taken into account.Acoustic microscopy has been discussed to investigate viscoelastic properties of biological hard tissues, taking dental materials. The quantitative applications of an line-focus-beam (LFB) acoustic microscope, as well as the imaging applications of a point-focus-beam (PFB) acoustic microscope, have satisfactorily demonstrated the possibilities. In particular, the LFB acoustic microscope can be expected to play an important role as a powerful tool to solve basic and practical problems in all kinds of dental materials, including dental hard tissues of enamel and dentine, and dental porcelains and composites for repairing human teeth. Less