Timing control of sexual reproduction in haploid-dominant plants: MFT and DOG1

单倍体优势植物有性繁殖的时间控制：MFT 和 DOG1

• 批准号: 404106390
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stefan A. Rensing
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Vizerektor / Prorektor für Forschung und Innovation
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/404106390?language=en
• 关键词: Timing; control; sexual; reproduction; haploid

Meiotic sexual reproduction is a common feature of multicellular eukaryotes. In many organismal lineages either the haploid or diploid phase is multicellular. Land plants, however, evolved a peculiar haplodiplontic life cycle in which both the haploid gametophyte and the diploid sporophyte are multicellular. This alternation of generations apparently evolved by intercalation of mitoses at the stage of the zygote. Sexual reproduction in plants involves the generation of gamete-forming organs (gametangiogenesis), the formation of haploid gametes, fertilization to form the diploid zygote, embryogenesis, spore or seed formation, and finally the breaking of arrest/dormancy (germination). Timing of these steps, in particular the start (gametangiogenesis) and end (germination) of sexual reproduction, are controlled via regulatory networks that respond to environmental cues. Flowering plants perform a particularly complex and evolutionary derived form of sexual reproduction, and are difficult to study due to the reduction of the gametophytic generation. Here, we thus propose to study haploid-dominant plants, namely bryophytes, in which both generations are easily tractable. By applying a three-pronged candidate gene approach with subsequent reverse genetics studies we will aim to infer how time control of land plant sexual reproduction evolved.

减数分裂有性生殖是多细胞真核生物的共同特征。在许多生物谱系中，单倍体或二倍体阶段是多细胞的。然而，陆生植物进化出一种独特的单倍性生活史，其中单倍体配子体和二倍体孢子体都是多细胞的。这种世代交替显然是由受精卵阶段有丝分裂的插入进化而来的。植物的有性生殖涉及配子形成器官的产生（配子血管生成）、单倍体配子的形成、受精以形成二倍体合子、胚胎发生、孢子或种子形成以及最终打破停滞/休眠（萌发）。这些步骤的时间，特别是有性生殖的开始（配子血管生成）和结束（萌发），是通过对环境线索作出反应的调节网络来控制的。有花植物进行特别复杂和进化衍生形式的有性生殖，并且由于配子体世代的减少而难以研究。在这里，因此，我们建议研究单倍体显性植物，即brabentes，其中两代都很容易驯服。通过应用三管齐下的候选基因方法与随后的反向遗传学研究，我们的目标是推断陆地植物有性生殖的时间控制是如何演变的。