Jewish Translation and Cultural Transfer in Early Modern Europe: Jewish-Christian Translation Cultures in the Context of the 18th-Century Pietist Mission to the Jews

该研究项目涉及犹太翻译作为犹太人和基督徒之间文化交流的一个领域，这在很大程度上被现代学者所忽视。它认为翻译是近代早期欧洲基督教-犹太教文化转移的主要和最普遍的机制。在SPP 2130“早期现代翻译文化”的框架下，该项目侧重于犹太皈依者和基督教传教士（哈雷犹太研究所的成员）为虔诚派向犹太人传教所做的意第绪语翻译。除了文本翻译外，还分析了犹太人与传教士个人对话中的翻译实践。在SPP第一个赠款期成果的基础上，更新后的项目将系统地深化对哈勒特派团在文本和个人会议方面各种形式的文化翻译的研究。在SPP第一阶段的研究设计的基础上，翻译一方面被理解为字面意义上的翻译，另一方面被理解为被执行的行为。传教士和译者的目的、策略和战术将在这两个翻译领域进行研究。该项目旨在表明，传教事业的规划和执行绝不是静态的，而是在传教动力和犹太人反应之间的动态互动中发展起来的翻译过程。为了更好地理解犹太人在传教翻译中的作用，将进一步探讨犹太人对虔信派传教的接待。该项目将比较德国和波兰传教士翻译实践的发展，Halle Pietists首先旅行，在第二个资助期为SPP的总体目标提供犹太/意第绪语研究视角：强调翻译的区域和时间特征，并从跨文化和后殖民的角度对早期现代翻译进行批判性评估。

The research project deals with Jewish translation as a field of cultural exchange between Jews and Christians largely neglected by modern scholars. It posits translation as the primary and most ubiquitous mechanism of Christian-Jewish cultural transfer in early modern Europe. In the framework of the SPP 2130 “Early Modern Translation Cultures,” the project focuses on Yiddish translations made for the Pietist mission to the Jews by Jewish converts and Christian missionaries, members of the Institutum Judaicum in Halle. Besides textual translations, translation practices in personal conversations between Jews and missionaries are also analyzed.Building on the results of the first grant period of the SPP, the renewed project will systematically deepen the study of various forms of cultural translation in the Halle mission both with regard to texts and personal meetings. Expanding on the research design of the first SPP phase, translation is understood on the one hand in a literal sense and on the other hand as performed action. The aims, strategies, and tactics of the missionaries and translators will be studied in these two areas of translation. The project aims to show that planning and execution of the missionary enterprise were by no means static, rather processes of translation developed in dynamic interaction between missionary impetus and Jewish reaction. In order to better understand the role of Jews for missionary translation, Jewish reception of the Pietist mission will be further explored. The project will compare the development of missionary translation practices in Germany and Poland where the Halle Pietists traveled first, contributing a Jewish/Yiddish Studies perspective to the overall aims of the SPP in the second grant period: an emphasis on regional and chronological characteristics of translation and a critical evaluation of early modern translation from an intercultural and postcolonial point of view.