On the Development of CAD system for Representing Historic Ruins

1. 在这个项目中，我们有两个目标：首先，定义历史遗迹或建筑遗迹三维图形表示系统的功能框架，用于支持挖掘研究或调查研究；其次，开发原型系统所需的软件，该系统将通过高速三维彩色图形显示终端进行操作。在开发研究过程中，以开罗市al-Fustat遗址的发掘和其他几处建筑遗址为例。原型系统的主要功能如下：(1)以现场记录的图纸、草图等文件为信息来源，生成并记录数字数据，描述构成遗址或遗存的要素的三维位置和形状。(2)生成发掘现场或建筑遗址的透视图像。用户可以自由选择站位和视角，也可以自由选择要在视图中显示的元素，从而直观地体验挖掘或调查的过程。(3)提供分析工具，以估计历史遗迹或建筑遗迹的原始结构或建造过程。该项目的报告总结了以下内容：(1)描述废墟或遗迹元素的四个模型；(2)以挖掘文件或调查文件为来源生成数字数据的过程；(3)案例研究中生成的系统图形输出示例；(4)使用分析工具的示例；(5)对开发的原型系统的评估。我们指出，由于传统文献所使用的描述方法的性质，如二维图纸等，不一定能完整地记录遗址或遗存的三维结构。三维图形表示系统可以提供传统文献所缺乏的全部信息，只要对挖掘和测量方法进行重组，三维图形表示系统就可以提供一个模拟挖掘过程的环境。少

1. In this project we have two objectives: firstly, to define functional framework of 3-dimensional graphic representation system of historic ruins or architectural remains, which can be used to support excavation studies or survey studies: secondly, to develop necessary soft wares of the proto-type system which will be operated with a high-speed 3-dimensional color graphic display terminal. During the process of development sutdies, excavation at al-Fustat in the of Cairo city and several other architectural ruins were used as the case.2. Major functions of the prototype system are following:(1)to generate and record digital data to describe 3-dimensional locations and shapes of elements that forms ruins or remains using documents, such as drawings or sketches, recorded at the site, as the source of information. (2)to generate perspective image of the excavation site or architectural ruins. Users of the system will be allowed to select standing point and view point freely as well as t … More o select elements to be displayed in the view, so that they could visually experience a process of excavations or surveys. (3)to provide analytical tools to estimate original structure, or the process of construction of historic ruins or architectural remains.3. The report of this project has summarized on the following:(1)four models to describe elements of ruins or remains:(2) process to generate digital data using excavation documents or survey documents as the source:(3) examples of graphic output of the system produced in the case study:(4) example of the use of analytical tools:(5) evaluation of the prototype system developed.4. We pointed out that conventional documents, such as 2-D drawings, could not necessarily record 3-dimensional structure of ruins or remains fully, because of the nature of the descriptions method they used. We concluded that 3-dimensional graphic representation system will be able to provide full information conventional documents lacked, and that if only methods of excavation and surveys were reorganized, 3-dimensional graphic representation system could provide an environment to simulate a process of excavation. Less