Southern Caspian Corridor: a biogeographical hominin expansion route

南里海走廊:生物地理古人类扩张路线

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    414357211
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    德国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    德国
  • 起止时间:
    2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Recent research on the phylogeny of Neanderthals recognises a division within Neanderthal groups around 150ka suggesting a population turnover is likely to have occurred in the Caucasus. For instance, Neanderthal remains dated ca. 100ka associated with fully fledged Levallois lithic industry were confirmed in the Azokh 1 Cave, in the Lesser Caucasus. This exciting finding, however, raises the questions of whether the Neanderthals impacted on the Southern Caspian Corridor (SCC), which is a geo-ecological continuum of the Caucasus? What role did this SSC play in the world of hominin expansion?In his expedition to Iran during 1960s, McBurney considered SCC provided the closest and fastest route connecting Europe and Caucasus to Central Asia and Siberia and any hominin movement from the west might be expected to pass this region en route to the east. In his excavation at Ke’Aram Cave located in SCC, he documented Middle Palaeolithic artefacts reminiscent of the Zagros Mousterian which are seen to be closely related to the lithics from Teshik-Tash Cave in Central Asia. McBurney’s conclusion provides grounding for this research project to hypothesize that the SCC, with the dual role of biogeographical corridor of expansion and habitat, witnessed a series of human evolutionary events that occurred at least in MIS 5 and 4 and it aims to go further to suggest the SCC as a potential place of admixture of Neanderthals and Anatomically Modern Humans. The exceptional physiogeographic condition of the SCC provided a milder climatic condition making this region highly attractive as a glacial refugium during the cold episodes of MIS 5 and 4 for different hominins, thereby this research also hypothesizes that contemporaneous MP assemblages from western- and eastern-most areas of the corridor represent a high degree of cultural affinity.For testing these hypotheses, I will re-analyse the lithic artefacts from Azokh 1 as western- and Teshik-Tash as eastern-most site of the SCC and continue to excavate at Ke’Aram using updated methods. All lithics will be carefully compared to Shanidar, where stratified Zagros Mousterian artefacts are associated with Neanderthal remains, to trace any possible cultural exchange between these sites. Furthermore, site formation and taphonomic studies using micromorphology and lithic analysis adopting chaîne opératoire as well as attribute analytical methods are crucial for the aims of this research project.Collecting samples for absolute dating including OSL, TL and 14C dates provides an important foundation for this research project to determine whether the sequences from Ke'Aram reflect cultural continuity or gap between MIS 5 and 4 occupations. This gains even more significance to enhance the understanding of the age and implications of the MP in this key site in the SCC and to discover its role in the expansion route from Europe towards Central Asia.
最近对尼安德特人生殖的研究认识到尼安德特人群体在150 ka左右的分裂,这表明高加索地区可能发生了人口更替。例如,尼安德特人的遗骸年代约为公元前200年。在小高加索的Azokh 1洞穴中证实了与完全成熟的Levallois石器工业有关的100 ka。然而,这一令人兴奋的发现提出了一个问题,即尼安德特人是否影响了南里海走廊(SCC),这是高加索的一个地理生态连续体?这个SSC在人类扩张的世界中扮演了什么角色?在1960年代的伊朗探险中,麦克伯尼认为SCC提供了连接欧洲和高加索到中亚和西伯利亚的最近和最快的路线,任何来自西方的人类运动都可能在向东的途中经过这一地区。在他位于SCC的Ke'Aram洞穴的挖掘中,他记录了旧石器时代中期的文物,让人想起Zagros Mousterian,这些文物被认为与中亚Teshik-Tash洞穴的石器密切相关。McBurney的结论为该研究项目提供了基础,假设SCC具有扩张和栖息地的地理走廊的双重作用,见证了至少在MIS 5和4中发生的一系列人类进化事件,其目的是进一步建议SCC作为尼安德特人和解剖学现代人的潜在混合地。SCC特殊的自然地理条件提供了一个温和的气候条件,使该地区在MIS 5和4的寒冷时期对不同的人类非常有吸引力,因此本研究还假设,来自走廊西部和东部最大地区的同期MP组合代表了高度的文化亲和力。我将重新分析Azokh 1作为SCC西部和Teshik-Tash作为SCC最东部遗址的石器文物,并继续使用更新的方法在Ke'Aram进行挖掘。所有石器都将与沙尼达尔进行仔细比较,沙尼达尔的分层扎格罗斯穆斯特文物与尼安德特人遗骸有关,以追踪这些遗址之间任何可能的文化交流。此外,利用微形态学和岩石学分析(采用chaumneopératoire)以及属性分析方法进行的遗址形成和埋藏研究是本研究项目的关键。收集样品进行绝对测年(包括OSL、TL和14 C测年)为本研究项目提供了重要基础,以确定来自Ke'Aram的序列是否反映了MIS 5和4个职业之间的文化连续性或差距。这对于加深对中亚地区这一关键地区的MP的年龄和意义的理解,以及发现其在从欧洲向中亚扩张路线中的作用具有更重要的意义。

项目成果

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Dr. Elham Ghasidian其他文献

Dr. Elham Ghasidian的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Dr. Elham Ghasidian', 18)}}的其他基金

Hominin cultural and biological contact during MIS 4-2 on the Palearctic and Saharo-Arabian intersection: Northern edge of the Iranian Plateau
MIS 4-2 期间古北界和撒哈罗-阿拉伯交汇处的古人类文化和生物接触:伊朗高原北缘
  • 批准号:
    500596274
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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