Study on the Ventilation Rate based on Perceived Air Quality of Tobacco Smoke and Bioeffluents
基于烟草烟雾和生物废水感知空气质量的通风率研究
基本信息
- 批准号:01460200
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 3.33万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:日本
- 项目类别:Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
- 财政年份:1989
- 资助国家:日本
- 起止时间:1989 至 1991
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
In conformity with the purpose of research various methods for assessing the indoor air quality using human olfactory sensation have been proposed and the results of experiments presented as summarized as follows:In chapter 1, "Sick Building Syndrome", which presented the complaints about the indoor air quality in non-industrial buildings, was reviewed.In chapter 2, the relationship between the ventilation rate per occupant and the percentage of dissatisfied judges for Japanese was described through the subjective experiments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the indoor air quality by making subjective assessment of perceived air pollution caused by human bioeffluents. Fifty-four subjects ( 27 females and 27 males ) were hired as occupants, who emitted human bioeffluents during occupancy in the test chamber. One hundred and seven subjects ( 52 females and 55 males ) were hired as judges. Immediately after sniffing the air, the judge rated odor intensity on Yaglou's scale, a … More nd assessed acceptability.The relationship between the mean odor intensity and the percentage of dissatisfied judges, i.e., those judges who judged the odor to be unacceptable, was found to be a close one. It appeared that 20 % dissatisfied, which is acceptable air quality defined by ASHRAE standard 62-89, corresponded to a CO_2 concentration of 995 ppm when an outdoor CO_2 concentration was 370 ppm. It was clarified that CO_2 concentration could be a reasonable predictor for perceived air quality in non-smoking spaces. The relationship between the percentage of dissatisfied judges and the steady-state ventilation rate per person was determined. Then it was found that 20 % of dissatisfied would correspond to a steady-state ventilation rate of 7.1 1/s・person ( 25.6 m^3/h・person ). The relationship between the ventilation rate per olf, which is an unit describing the perceived air pollution source strength proposed by Fanger, and the percentage of dissatisfied judges for Japanese subjects agreed well with that for Danish subjects. It might be possible, therefore, to determine the appropriate ventilation rate for acceptable air quality using the olf and decipol units.In chapter 3, tobacco smoke was used as perceived air pollution source in the test chamber where three measuring point were prepared. The trained panel judged the air quality of each measuring point, and "age-of-air" was calculated from a decay of tracer gas (SF_6) concentration. Distribution of perceived air pollution was assessed with half-life-time of perceived air pollution at three measuring points in the chamber, which was calculated from a decay of decipol values voted by the trained panel. Then the ventilation effect in the chamber was assessed with "Air Diffusion Efficiency" calculated from age-of-air. The half-life-time of perceived air pollution had strong correlation with the age-of-air except for the case of low air change rate, and it could be possible to assess the ventilation effect based on the distribution of perceived air pollution using trained panel.Human bioeffluents and tobacco smoke were used as pollution sources with 3 different cooling-ventilation systems in Chapter 4. The relationship between the Air Diffusion Efficiency and the removal efficiency of perceived air pollutants was investigated. Perceived Air Quality Index was proposed for evaluating the local air quality in a space based on human olfactory sensation. The removal efficiency of perceived air pollutants was calculated from the Perceived Air Quality Index. Then it was found that distribution of perceived air pollutants did not always correspond with that of supplied air. It is considered important, therefore, to identify not only the local age-of-air,but also the local perceived air quality.In chapter 5, removal efficiency of perceived air pollutants caused by tobacco smoke was measured under the three different heating-ventilation systems. Perceived Air Quality Index (PAQI) at each measuring point was investigated with trained panel and local age-of-air was determined with tracer gas. For the system, which had an inlet on the lower part of the side wall and an outlet on the upper part of the side wall, the highest ventilation effect was obtained. Less
根据研究目的,本文提出了利用人的嗅觉来评价室内空气质量的各种方法,并将实验结果总结如下:第一章介绍了引起非工业建筑室内空气质量问题的“病态建筑综合症”,第二章通过主观实验描述了日本人的人均通风量与不满意评价者比例之间的关系。摘要本研究旨在借由主观评估人体生物排出物所造成的空气污染,来探讨室内空气品质。54名受试者(27名女性和27名男性)被雇用为居住者,他们在测试室居住期间排放人类生物流出物。107名受试者(52名女性和55名男性)被聘为法官。在嗅了嗅空气后,法官立即按照雅格鲁的标准对气味强度进行了评级, ...更多信息 平均气味强度和不满意的法官的百分比之间的关系,即,那些判断气味不可接受的法官被发现是接近的。当室外CO_2浓度为370 ppm时,空气质量不满意度为20%,即符合ASHRAE标准62-89中规定的可接受空气质量标准,对应的CO_2浓度为995 ppm。说明CO_2浓度可以作为非吸烟场所空气质量的合理预测因子。不满意的法官的百分比和每人的稳态通气率之间的关系进行了测定。然后发现20%的不满意对应于7.1 l/s·person(25.6 m^3/h·person)的稳态通气率。每olf的通风率,这是一个单位描述的感知空气污染源强度提出的方格,和不满意的法官的日本科目同意的百分比之间的关系,以及丹麦的主题。因此,使用olf和decipol单位来确定可接受的空气质量的适当通风率是可能的。第三章以烟草烟雾为感知空气污染源,在试验箱中准备了三个测量点。由经过培训的专家组对每个测点的空气质量进行判断,并根据示踪气体(SF_6)浓度的衰减计算“空气年龄”。感知的空气污染的分布进行了评估,在三个测量点的室内,这是从一个衰减的decipol值由训练有素的小组投票计算的感知空气污染的半衰期。然后用空气龄计算出的“空气扩散效率”来评价舱内的通风效果。除低换气率的情况外,空气污染的半衰期与空气的年龄有很强的相关性,并且可以根据空气污染的分布来评估通风效果。在第四章中,以人体生物排出物和烟草烟雾为污染源,采用3种不同的冷却通风系统。研究了空气扩散效率与空气污染物去除效率之间的关系。提出了一种基于人体嗅觉的空气质量指数来评价空间局部空气质量。感知空气污染物的清除效率是根据感知空气质量指数计算的。然后发现感知空气污染物的分布并不总是与供应空气的分布相对应。因此,不仅要确定当地的空气年龄,还要确定当地的感知空气质量,这一点很重要。在第五章中,测量了三种不同供暖通风系统对烟草烟雾引起的感知空气污染物的去除效率。在每个测量点的感知空气质量指数(PAQI)进行了调查,与训练有素的小组和当地的空气年龄确定示踪气体。对于在侧壁下部具有入口并且在侧壁上部具有出口的系统,获得了最高的通风效果。少
项目成果
期刊论文数量(24)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
岩下剛他: "INDOOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT BASED ON HUMAN OLFACTORY SENSATION" Proc,of INDOOR AIR'90(in Toronto,Canada). (1990)
Tsuyoshi Iwashita 等人:“基于人类嗅觉的室内空气质量评估”Proc,INDOOR AIR90(加拿大多伦多)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
岩下 剛、木村 建一、吉沢 晋、他2名: "人間の嗅覚に基づく室内空気質の評価に関する基礎的研究" 日本建築学会計画系論文報告集4月号. 410. 9-19 (1990)
Tsuyoshi Iwashita、Kenichi Kimura、Susumu Yoshizawa 等2人:“基于人类嗅觉的室内空气质量评价的基础研究”日本建筑研究所规划论文4月号410. 9-19 (1990)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
岩下 剛、木村 建一、吉沢 晋: "訓練パネルを用いた知覚空気汚染度の評価に関する試験研究" 日本建築学会計画系論文報告集. 第428号. 47-58 (1991)
Tsuyoshi Iwashita、Kenichi Kimura、Susumu Yoshizawa:“使用培训小组评估感知空气污染水平的测试研究”日本建筑研究所规划系列论文报告第 428. 47-58 号(1991 年)
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
木村健一他: "パネルの不快者率に基づく必要換気量・知覚空気汚染の予測と臭気強度スケ-ルの検討" 空調学会学術論文集. 785-788 (1989)
Kenichi Kimura 等人:“根据面板不适率和气味强度等级来预测所需通风量和感知的空气污染”,日本空调工程师学会杂志 785-788 (1989)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
G.Iwashita,K.Kimura,S.Yoshizawa et al.: "Indoor Air Quality Assessment based on Human Olfactory Sensation" Proc.of INDOOR AIR '90. 1. 355-360 (1990)
G.Iwashita、K.Kimura、S.Yoshizawa 等人:“基于人类嗅觉的室内空气质量评估”Proc.of INDOOR AIR 90。
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{{ truncateString('KIMURA Ken-ichi', 18)}}的其他基金
Sexually dimorphic neurons controlling female reproductive behavior in Drosophila
控制果蝇雌性生殖行为的性二态性神经元
- 批准号:
24570081 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Studies on molecular targets of new biological compounds having activity against the mutant yeast involving calcium signaling
对涉及钙信号传导的突变酵母具有活性的新型生物化合物的分子靶标研究
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21580108 - 财政年份:2009
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$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Formation of sexually dimorphic neural circuitry and its function in the Drosophila chemosensory system
果蝇化学感应系统中性二态性神经回路的形成及其功能
- 批准号:
21570072 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Function of sexually dimorphic neural circuitry in the Drosophila microbrain
果蝇微脑中性二态性神经回路的功能
- 批准号:
18570065 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Programmed cell death during the adult midline formation in Drosophila melanogaster
果蝇成虫中线形成过程中的程序性细胞死亡
- 批准号:
10640644 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Research on the Effects of Pre-occupancy Ventilation upon the Improvement of Indoor Air Quality
入住前通风对室内空气质量改善效果的研究
- 批准号:
08455274 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
RESEARCH ON THE MODERN APPLICATION OF NATURAL ENERGY UTILIZATION TECHNOLOGIES OF TRADITONAL VERNACULAR HOUSES
传统民居自然能源利用技术的现代应用研究
- 批准号:
06302054 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 3.33万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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