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Studies on sexuality and its regulation in Japanese persimmon.

日本柿的性欲及其调控研究.

基本信息

批准号：
01480046
负责人：
SUGIURA Akira
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480046/
关键词：
Sexuality Flowering habit Cytokinin Inhibitor Floral ontogeny Diospyros kaki 花性雌雄混株休眠芽

项目摘要

We tried to clarify the patterns of sex expression and their regulation in monoecious-type persimmons, and the following results were obtained.1. The pistillate and staminate floral primordium differentiated in early June and progressed until August when the sepal primordial in pistillate flowers and petal primordial of staminate flowers had become evident. The buds then entered the quiescent, overwintering state. Thus, flower sex of monoecious-type persimmons is determined at a relatively early stage of floral development.2. The flower type on the current shoots is somehow strongly related to the determination of the flower type, being initiated within the buds on the same shoot. That is, shoots that bore pistillate flowers were differentiating pistillate buds at significantly high rates, while shoots that bore staminate flowers were producing more staminate buds. The bud position on the shoot also corresponded with sex expression, i. e. pistillate flowers emerge from distal mixed bud … More s, whereas staminate flowers arise predominantly from basal nodes.3. Cytokinin spray to flower buds immediately after budbreak was successful in converting male flowers, into hermaphroditic ones. Moreover, cytokinin was also effective at flower differentiating stages to convert sex expression. In this chse, shoots of 'Taiwan- syoshi' were sprayed with BA at 1000 ppm in June, and they produced shoots bearing hermaphroditic flowers when they had second sprouts in the same year, being compared that control 1-year shoots produced only male-bearing shoots in second sprouts.4. Endogenous cytokinin and inhibitor activity of male- and female-bearing shoots was examined at flower differentiation time. Methanolic extracts were purified with partitions to organic solvents, and injected into HPLC. The fractions from HPLC were bioassayed with Amaranthus test for cytokinins and rice seedling test for inhibitors, respectively. Several active fractions were obtained for both cytokinins and inhibitors, but they had no differences between male- or female-bearing shoots. Less

本研究试图阐明雌雄同株型柿的性别表达模式及其调控机制，并获得以下结果.雌花和雄花的花原基在6月上旬分化，并一直发展到8月，那时雌花的萼片原基和雄花的花瓣原基已经变得明显。然后，芽进入休眠，越冬状态。因此，雌雄同株型柿花的性别在花发育的相对早期就已确定.当前芽上的花类型与花类型的确定有某种强烈的相关性，在同一芽上的芽内启动。也就是说，生雌花的枝条分化雌花芽的速度非常高，而生雄花的枝条产生更多的雄花芽。芽在芽上的位置也与性别表达相对应，即：e.雌花从远端混合芽出现 ...更多信息而雄花主要发生在基部节上。花蕾萌发后立即喷细胞分裂素，可成功地将雄花转化为两性花。此外，细胞分裂素在花分化阶段也有效地转换性别表达。本试验以台湾小菇为试材，于六月喷施1000 ppm BA，于当年二次抽芽时产生两性花，而对照一年生枝二次抽芽时仅产生雄枝。内源细胞分裂素和抑制剂活性的男性和女性轴承芽花分化时间进行了检查。甲醇提取物用有机溶剂分配纯化，并进样至HPLC中。用苋菜试验测定细胞分裂素活性，用水稻幼苗试验测定抑制剂活性。细胞分裂素和抑制剂得到了几个活性组分，但他们没有男性或女性之间的差异。少