Study on Molecular Biological Control of Human Testicular Function

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1. To evaluate the effect of hMG-hCG treatment on spermatogenetic impairment, DNA/RNA synthesis were measured in 25 patients with idiopathic male infertility by estimating the values of ^3H-thymidine and ^<14>C-uridine incorporation into the testicular tissue cultured with or without the hormonal treatment. It would appear that the DNA synthesis in testicular tissue cultured with or without hMG-hCG treatment might predict the responsiveness to hormonal treatment for patients with idiopathic male infertility.2. To study the effectiveness of hCG and hMG administration on spermatogenesis of patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), the DNA synthesis of spermatogonia was investigated by the method of ^3H-thymidine uptake by cultured tissue fragments of human testis. Combined hCG and hMG therapy was effective for induction of spermatogenesis in patients with HH.3. Localization of androgen receptors (ARs) in the human testis Leydig cells was examined with an AR assay and Northern blot analysis. ARs in Leydig cells showed a high affinity for ( ^3H)methyltrienol and the Kd and Bmax of the receptors were 1.24 nM and 11.7 fmol/mg protein, respectively. Northern blot analysis, using a ^<32>p-labeled full-length human AR complementary DNA (cDNA) detected a 9.5-kb hybridizing band in the total RNA extracted from Leydig cells. These data can be interpreted as evidence of the existence of ARs in human Leydig cells.