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Studies on Rearing New Self-Compatible Japanese Pear Using 'Osanijisseiki' and Self-Incompatibility

利用“Osanijisseiki”培育新自交亲和日本梨的研究和自交不亲和性

基本信息

批准号：
01480546
负责人：
TANABE Kenji
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480546/
关键词：
Japanese pear 'Osanijisseiki'Self-compatibility Self-incompatibility S gene Stylar part mutation 黒斑病

项目摘要

This study was aimed at rearing new self-compatible and Alternaria alternata resistant cultivars of Japanese pear as well as investigating the common self-incompatibility in 'Osanijisseiki' to be experimented on at Tottori Prefecture.The results of the study are summarized as follows :1. Self-compatible and Alternaria alternata resistance strains of high quality 'Nijisseiki lines were collected out of first selfed and hybrid strains.2. Assuming that self-compatibility of 'Osanijisseiki' is based on the actions of gene to inhibit response of self-compatibility in style, self-compatibility gene (Cc) is dominant in the first selfed and hybrid strains of 'Osanijisseiki' used as mother plant.The crosses between 'Kosui' and 'Osanijisseiki' and 'Shinsui' and 'Osanijisseiki' were different from the above-mentioned, assumption and therefore difficult to account for in the study. Even if self-compatibility of 'Osanijisseiki' is based on the stylar part mutation of either S2 or S4 gene, F1 segregations of the crosses between 'Kosui' and 'Osanijisseiki' and 'Shinsui' and 'Osanijisseiki' could not be explained either.In all crosses, 'Osanijisseiki' is made use of as mother plant in order to select for efficient self-compatible strains.3. In order to certify the relationship between self-incompatibility and stylar RNase, RNase activities were compared in 'Osanijisseiki' and two of its F1 strains. Self-compatibility was observed in two F1 of 'Osanijisseiki' while 'Nijisseiki' had self-incompatibility. There was no difference between them.

本研究旨在培育日本梨自交亲和、抗赤星病的新品种，并对日本梨品种“大山梨精”中常见的自交不亲和性进行调查，以供鸟取县试验。从第一代自交系和杂交系中筛选出自交亲和和抗赤星病的优质二人转品系。假设“大山子”的自交亲和性是基于基因抑制风格中自交亲和反应的作用，那么自交亲和基因（Cc）在作为母株的“大山子”的第一个自交系和杂交系中均占主导地位。“Kosui”与“大山子”的杂交以及“Shinsui”与“Osanijisseiki”的杂交与上述不同，这是一个假设，因此很难在研究中解释。即使“大山子精”的自交亲和性是基于S2或S4基因的花柱部分突变，也不能解释“小井”与“大山子精”和“新井”与“大山子精”杂交F1的分离，在所有的杂交中，“大山子精”都被用作母本，以选择高效的自交亲和株系.为了探明自交不亲和性与花柱RNA酶的关系，比较了“大山子精”及其两个F_1株系的RNA酶活性。‘大山子精’有两个F1表现自交不亲和性，‘二精精’则表现自交不亲和性。他们之间没有区别。