Interactive Effect of Toxic Chemicals on Eucaryotic Micro-Organisms and Its Evaluation

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Environmental pollution by toxic micro chemicals has been one of most serious issues related with a life-or-death question for all kinds of lives including human beings. The objects of this study is to evaluate toxicity of chemicals on ecosystems. This research deals with the development of a new toxicity testing protocol and with using it in investigating various points of interest in hazardous assessment of chemicals. As test micro-organisms, phytoplankton (Chlorella ellipsoidea) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were used in these investigations. Concerning the toxicity testing the following themes were investigated. (1) A short-term bioassay of toxic chemicals using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, (2) Interactive toxic effect and distribution of heavy metals in phytoplankton, (3) Effect of arsenic on the growth and musty odor production of selected blue-green algae, (4) DNA damage testing for chemicals using yeast, (5) Bio-concentration of heavy metals by phytoplankton, (6) Application of DNA repair-deficient mutants of yeast for genetic toxicity testing of chemicals, (7) Role of hydrosulfide ions in methylmercury resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, (8) Toxicity and bioaccumulation study for the effect of various chemical forms of mercury on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, (9) Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae for toxicity assessment including interacting effects and DNA dame, and concerning heavy metal uptake by higher plants (10) The effect of several c admium compoubds in soil on the metal content of unpolished rice and (11) Effect of calcim carbonate on the cadmium content of wheat after addition of large amount of Cds to soil.