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Developing Research on Monitoring System of Chemicals Using Bioassay

化学品生物测定监测系统研究进展

基本信息

批准号：
07558289
负责人：
AOYAMA Isao
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07558289/
关键词：
toxic chemicals bioassay monitoring microorganisms Daphniamagna lettus mobility analysis 相互作用

项目摘要

It is now anxious that environmental pollution by toxic chemicals is concerned with survival of ecosystem and human begins. Under these circumastances, It is now needed that new detecting systems of toxic chemicals in environments with rapidity, easiness and low cost will be done. The object of this study is to detect the toxic chemical in water and in sediments and to know the strength of their toxicity.In this study, microorganisms, Daphnia magna, phytoplankton and yeast and seed of Lettus were used for toxicity testing and relative growth rate, biomass after given time, the length of tag time were evaluated as an end points. Not only 24 hours lethality but also early mobility change of Daphnia were evaluated. The mobility change of Daphnia at early time was newly developed as an end point. This is very sensitive index to know the existence of toxic chemicals in water and this method has a rapidity to detect toxicity. It takes only three hours. We investigated the possibility of moni … More toring system to detect toxic chemicals in real environment using these bioassays. The environmental water which we took and investigated were river water. lake water and their sediments and land fill leachates of industrial wastes. Our newly developed bioassay, the method of early mobility analysis of Daphnia takes only three hours. This could be reduced very much the bioassay time compared from normal method which is recommended by OECD which takes from 24 or 48 hours. The sensitivity of this method is found that it is very sensitive to chemicals. When Daphnia is exposed to chemicals a low concentrations, the mobility of Daphnia is stimulated and when is at high concentrations, mobility is inhibited. We found that it can be used as an endpoint expressed as TOXICITY UNIT.We took environmental samples (water and sediments) along a river and a lake and performed toxicity testing on them. The seasonal change of toxicity was found and suggested that it reflected the agricultural works. The toxicity of land fill leachate was very strong. Only 3% solution of the leachate was detected to be toxicity for Daphnia mobility tests. Daphnia mobility test and elongation inhibition of lettus seeds were more sensitive than micro organisms. Using these battery tests, we can evaluate the ecotoxicity. Less

有毒化学物质对环境的污染关系到生态系统的生存和人类的开始，这是现在令人担忧的。在这种情况下，迫切需要一种新的、快速、简便、低成本的环境中有毒化学品检测系统。本研究的目的是检测水体和沉积物中的有毒化学物质，并了解它们的毒性强度。本研究以大型水蚤、浮游植物、酵母菌和莱特斯种子等微生物为研究对象，以相对生长率、给定时间后的生物量、标记时间的长短为终点进行毒性测试。不仅评估了24小时的致死率，而且还评估了大型水蚤的早期活动变化。早期水蚤的迁移率变化是新发展起来的终点。这是了解水中是否存在有毒化学物质的一个非常敏感的指标，而且该方法具有快速检测毒性的特点。只需要三个小时。我们调查了Moni…的可能性更多的检测系统，使用这些生物检测技术检测真实环境中的有毒化学物质。我们调查的环境水是河水。湖水及其沉积物和土地填埋工业废物的渗滤液。我们最新开发的生物分析方法，对水蚤的早期迁移性分析只需三个小时。与OECD推荐的24或48小时的常规方法相比，可大大缩短生物测定时间。结果表明，该方法对化学物质非常敏感。当水蚤暴露在低浓度的化学品中时，其活动受到刺激，而当处于高浓度时，活动受到抑制。我们发现它可以作为以毒性单位表示的终点。我们采集了一条河流和一条湖泊的环境样品(水和沉积物)，并对它们进行了毒性测试。毒性存在季节性变化，反映了农业生产的需要。垃圾渗滤液的毒性很强。只有3%的渗滤液溶液对水蚤的活动试验有毒性。莴苣种子对水蚤的游动试验和伸长抑制比微生物更敏感。利用这些电池测试，我们可以评估其生态毒性。较少