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STUDIES ON HYBRID ARTIFICIAL LIVERS IN POINTS OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR ORGAN RECONSTRUCTION

混合型人工肝从器官重建技术角度的研究

基本信息

批准号：
04454307
负责人：
KASAI Shinichi
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
ASAHIKAWA MEDICAL COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Artificial liver and liver transplantation are the only way to replace the deteriorated functions of the damaged livers. However, complete replacement of the original liver functions is not yet possible for artificial livers today, and liver transplantation faces severe scarcity of donor livers.Recently, artificial livers such as hemodialysis, hemoperfusion, and plasmapheresis have been used clinically to treat patients with liver failure, but the survival rate has not so improved. One of the reasons for this poor survival rate appears to be a lack of metabolic support capacity for the damaged livers. In this study, the development of a hybrid artificial liver was studied in points of the technology for organ reconstruction. Combination of hepatocytes and artificial materials has been attempted to reconstruct the metabolic functions of liver.1) Natural substrata such as biomatrix of the liver and collagen, and synthetic substrata such as lactose-carrying polystirene were examined in primary culture of isolated hepatocytes, and these were useful for coating artificial materials.2) Artificial materials such as dextran microcarriers and cellulose multiporous microcarriers were investigated of their availability for immobilizing hepatocytes in a hybrid artificial liver. Hepatocytes immobilized to these microcarriers showed better NH3 and fructose metabolism.It was therefore suggested that these substrata and carriers were useful for the development of hybrid artificial livers.

人工肝和肝移植是替代受损肝脏功能恶化的唯一途径。然而，目前人工肝还不能完全替代原有的肝功能，肝移植面临着供肝严重短缺的问题。近年来，临床上已采用血液透析、血液灌流、血浆置换等人工肝治疗肝功能衰竭患者，但存活率并没有提高。存活率低的原因之一似乎是受损肝脏缺乏代谢支持能力。本研究从器官重建技术的角度对复合型人工肝的研制进行了研究。肝细胞与人工材料的结合已被尝试用于重建肝脏的代谢功能。1）在分离的肝细胞的原代培养中检测天然基质如肝的生物基质和胶原，以及合成基质如乳糖载体聚苯乙烯，这些材料可用于涂覆人造材料。研究了葡聚糖微载体和纤维素多孔微载体等人工材料在复合型人工肝中固定肝细胞的可行性。这些微载体固定化的肝细胞具有较好的NH_3和果糖代谢能力，因此，这些微载体和基质可用于杂交型人工肝的研制。