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Comparative study of figure perception by nonhuman and human primates

非人类和人类灵长类动物形象感知的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
04831005
负责人：
FUJITA Kazuo
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04831005/
关键词：
Visual illusion Visual search Primates Japanese monkeys Rhesus monkeys Chimpanzees Apes Perception

项目摘要

Perception of geometric figures by nonhuman primates were studied in terms of : a) perception of the Ponzo illusion and b) visual search performances. For the study of illusory perception, rhesus monkeys and chimpanzees were trained to discriminate absolute length of horizontai bars on the computer display. Touching one of the two report locations was reinforced when the bar was longer than a predetermined length and touching the other location was reinforced when the bar was shorter than that. A variety of context figures were superimposed on the bar. When the converging lines were superimposed, the proportion of the "long" reports by both subject species was increased as the target bar approached the apex of the context lines. It was demonstrated that both species perceived the Ponzo illusion. The increase of perspectives of context figures did not enhance the illusion. The gap between the target bar and the context figures were suggested as an important determinant of this illusion but figural contexts above and below the target bar also affected the amount of this illusion. Japanese monkeys were tested for their visual search performances. The subjects had to touch the odd target figure among number of distracter figures. Two major findings were obtained : a) oblique bars were easily detected among vertical bars but the latter figures were difficult to find among the former figures. Thus search asymmetry was found. b) visual search was slow when the target was defined by the conjunction of inclination and the texture of the bars. These findings were similar to human performances.

研究了非人灵长类动物对几何图形的知觉：a）庞佐错觉的知觉和B）视觉搜索表现。为了研究错觉，恒河猴和黑猩猩被训练辨别电脑显示屏上水平条的绝对长度。当条长于预定长度时，触摸两个报告位置之一被加强，当条短于预定长度时，触摸另一个位置被加强。各种各样的背景数字叠加在酒吧上。当聚合线叠加时，两个主题物种的“长”报告的比例随着目标条接近背景线的顶点而增加。结果表明，这两个物种都感知到了庞佐错觉。背景人物视角的增加并没有增强错觉。目标条和背景图形之间的差距被认为是这种错觉的一个重要决定因素，但目标条上方和下方的图形背景也影响这种错觉的数量。日本猴子的视觉搜索性能进行了测试。受试者必须触摸若干干扰图形中的奇数目标图形。结果表明：①在垂直条纹中，斜条纹容易被发现，但在垂直条纹中，后者的条纹很难被发现; B）当目标由倾斜度和条纹纹理的结合来定义时，视觉搜索是缓慢的。这些发现与人类的表现相似。