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A study of primate perceptual completion in a comparative and developmental perspective.

从比较和发展的角度研究灵长类动物知觉完成。

基本信息

批准号：
08610082
负责人：
FUJITA Kazuo
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1)Perceptual completion processes of pigeons and rhesus macaques were experimentally analyzed in a comparative perspective. The subjects were trained to classify the absolute length of a single black horizontal bar at the center of the CRT display with a touch sensor on it into "long" or "short" ; they actually touched either of the two response location at the bottom of the display. After they mastered this task, a large gray box was placed next to the target bar. The gap between the target bar and the gray box remained constant in the baseline training. After the subject performed well in this situation, they were tested how the proportion of "long" and "short" responses were affected by the size of the gap in probe trials in which all the responses were nondifferentially reinforced. The monkey consistently reported "long" more often than baseline when the gap was 0. That is, they overestimated the length of the target bar when it touch to the gray box. This suggests that the monkeys perceptually completed the "hidden" part of the target bar. On the other hand, pigeons showed a similar tendency neither in this situation nor the two experiments that followed. There seems to be a big difference in the prosses of perceptual completion in pigeons and nonhuman primates. 2)The spatiotemporal boundary formation (Shipley & Kellman, 1994) was studied in the chimpanzee. Two chimpanzees were shown random dots on the touchsensitive monitor. The dots within an imaginary figure had a color different from the others out of it. The subjects matched 5 different imaginary figures to solid ones. When the imaginary figure noved, the subjects' matching accuracy was higher than when it stayd still. Like humans, chimpanzees may integrate the spatial and temporal information to perceive invisible contours.

1)实验对比分析了鸽子和恒河猴的知觉完成过程。受试者被训练将CRT显示器中央的一条黑色横条的绝对长度分为“长”和“短”；他们实际上触摸了显示器底部的两个响应位置中的任何一个。在他们完成这项任务后，一个大的灰色盒子被放在目标栏旁边。在基线训练中，目标条与灰框之间的差距保持不变。当受试者在这种情况下表现良好后，他们被测试了“长”和“短”反应的比例如何受到间隙大小的影响，在探针试验中，所有的反应都是无差别强化的。当差距为0时，猴子总是比基线报告“长”。也就是说，当目标条接触灰框时，他们高估了目标条的长度。这表明猴子在感知上完成了目标条的“隐藏”部分。另一方面，鸽子在这种情况下和随后的两个实验中都没有表现出类似的倾向。在鸽子和非人类灵长类动物的感知完成过程中似乎有很大的不同。2)对黑猩猩的时空边界形成进行了研究（Shipley & Kellman, 1994）。两只黑猩猩被随机显示在触敏显示器上。一个想象中的人物里面的点和它外面的点颜色不同。受试者将5个不同的虚构人物与实际人物相匹配。当想象中的人物移动时，受试者的匹配准确率高于静止时。像人类一样，黑猩猩可以整合空间和时间信息来感知不可见的轮廓。