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Study on the development of fluvial landforms after large landslides

大型滑坡后河流地貌发育研究

基本信息

批准号：
05452341
负责人：
OGUCHI Takashi
金额：
$ 2.56万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A large slope failure with a volume of 34 million cubic meters took place at Ontakesan, Japan, in Sept.1984. The volume of the failure is the eighth largest among historical large slope failures in Japan. The sediments produced by the failure went down along the valley of the Otaki river, and were deposited in the middle reach. Subsequently the deposits were incised to reproduce sediments which have been transported downstream. This slope failure and subsequent geomorphic changes provide a good example to analyze the development of fluvial landforms and changes in hydrological processes after big slope failures. For this reason, synthetic research were performed in the drainage basin of the Otaki river.Our research focuses mainly on five issues : a) change in channel forms, b) transportation of river sediments, c) rates of erosion and deposition, d) development of terrace scarps and valley forms, and e) change in river runoff. Related issues such as geology, climate, and vegetation in the river basin were also examined. To cover such broad scientific fields, researchers with experiences and knowledge in various fields took part in the group. Some of the members had already worked in the Otaki river basin before the group foundation. The preceding research data were also used in this study. As a result, some new insights were obtained regarding geomorphology, sedimentology, hydrology, climate, and vegetation in the river basin. This publishing report contains ten papers to present our results.Furthermore, our group performed research in other areas of Japan to improve the understanding of fluvial geomorphology, slope failure, river runoff, clinate, and vegetation. Although the results of these studies are not included in this report, they were presented in journals, scientific reports, and conferences. The list of these papers is carried in this report.

1984年9月，日本Ontakesan发生了一次体积达3400万立方米的大型边坡破坏。在日本历史上的大型边坡破坏中，破坏量是第八大。断裂产生的沉积物沿大泷河河谷沿着而下，在中游沉积。随后，对沉积物进行切割，以重现已向下游输送的沉积物。该滑坡及其引起的地貌变化为分析滑坡后河流地貌的发育和水文过程的变化提供了一个很好的范例。为此，我们在大泷川流域进行了综合研究，主要研究了以下5个问题：a）河道形态的变化，B）河流泥沙的搬运，c）侵蚀和沉积速率，d）阶地陡坎和河谷形态的发育，e）河流径流量的变化。还研究了流域的地质、气候和植被等相关问题。为了涵盖如此广泛的科学领域，在各个领域具有经验和知识的研究人员参加了小组。一些成员在集团成立之前就已经在Otaki河流域工作过。本研究也使用了前面的研究数据。在流域地貌、沉积、水文、气候、植被等方面取得了新的认识。此外，为了加深对河流地貌、边坡破坏、河川径流、斜坡、植被的认识，课题组还在日本其他地区进行了研究。虽然这些研究的结果没有包括在本报告中，但它们已在期刊，科学报告和会议上发表。这些文件的清单载于本报告。