Experimental Research on Risk Cognition in Driving Behavior of Automobile

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Automobile Drivers' perception, cognition and behavior should be considered under so many conditions. The speed and distance perception and visibility of objects such as guidance signs are focused in this study, in relation with road geometry, road alignment, and surrounding traffic conditions under consideration of road safety and road efficiency (capacity). The purposes of the study are to develop a laboratory experiment system of drivers' behavior with visual technique of virtual reality and to construct the evaluation technique with the system comparing real world experiments. The drivers' cognition and behavior characteristics are tried to be examined from the view points of drivers' risk cognition.This year, an experimental research was carried out for a curve section with 'MSIES (moving scenery image experiment system)', which is already developed in Tokyo Metropolitan University, creating the three-dimensional computer graphics model of visual environment of drivers. The experiment consists of comparison of novices and experts of drivers, and the cases used are with/without study of traffic safety devices, the difference of types of devices (post-cone and delineator) and heights and frequencies. The other experiment was also done for evaluating the intersection guidance sign system which consists of guidance system and supplement sign made of symbols or colors. Through these experiments, some of limitation of the system become clear ; screen resolution of general-purpose computer has limitation for the purpose of evaluation of starting point of recognition of signs, and reproducibility of speed perception. The experiment system is revealed to have some potential for laboratory experiments to evaluate driver's cognition.