Estimating Method of Recharging Groundwater from River or Lake

本研究的主要目的是阐明河流或湖泊的地下水补给特性。研究结果如下：(1)研制了一种新型的自动测量装置，可以实时监测不同深度钻孔内的电导率。(2)可以用电法中的温纳法测量盐分侵入。(3)实验室测试发现，吸附和解吸过程之间存在化学滞后。结果表明，吸附过程是由离子交换产生的，电解浓缩和解吸过程的效果只受电解液浓度降低的影响。(4)针对河流地下水补给特性，对非饱和-饱和渗流问题进行了数值分析。河流地下水补给量可用有限元方法计算。

The Main object of this study is clarify the groundwater recarging properties from river or lake. The results is as follows ;(1) We develope a new automatic measuring apparatus that can monitor the conductivity inside a bore hole at various depths over time.(2) The salt intrusion can be measured by the wenner method of the electric prospecting.(3) Chemical hysteresis between adsorption and desorption process is found by the laboratory test. It is revealed that adsorption process is generated by the ion exchange and the effect of electrolytic concentration and desorption process is only affected by electrolytic concentration decreasing.(4) The numerical analysis of unsaturated-saturated flow problem is carried out for solving groundwater recharging properties from river. The recharging volume of groundwater from river can be calculated by FEM.