Central Nervous system involvement in the regulation of bronchial reactivity

本文探讨了作为支气管哮喘特征性表现的中枢神经系统（CNS）在支气管高反应性中的作用。几种肾上腺素能、胆碱能和快激素受体拮抗剂对条件性组胺释放影响的研究结果提示，感觉神经中的P物质可能在这一反应中起重要作用。条件刺激后6小时，支气管间隙灌洗液（BALF）中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比增加，支气管周围和细支气管周围组织中嗜酸性粒细胞数量增加。免疫荧光显微镜观察发现，在支气管上皮下或血管、细支气管周围可见许多SP免疫反应性神经纤维化。用免疫电镜观察了注射辣椒素（2mg/kg）后释放组胺的肥大细胞和吞噬组胺和溶酶体SP的巨噬细胞的形态。新型速激肽拮抗剂FK224对非肾上腺素能非胆碱能神经场刺激后的呼吸阻力抑制率为74.5%，注射SP后的抑制率为77.7%，提示FK224对条件组胺释放的抑制研究可能是一种有效的SP拮抗剂。致敏豚鼠下丘脑前部病变不仅抑制抗原刺激后的支气管收缩，而且抑制晚期过敏反应，表现为BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比增加，支气管和细支气管周围嗜酸性粒细胞浸润数量增加。提示中枢神经系统可以影响呼吸系统的即时和晚期过敏反应，包括SP在内的感觉神经肽可能在这些反应的调控中起重要作用。

The involvement of central nervous system (CNS) in bronchial hypereactivity which is characteristic feature of bronchial asthma was investigated.1.Results of the study about the effect of several antagonists to adrenergic, cholinergic and tachykinin receptor on conditioned histamine release suggested that substance P (SP) in sensory nerve may have an important role in this reaction. An increare of percent eosinophil in bronchoalevelar lavage fluid (BALF) and the number of eosinophils in peribronchial and peribronchiolar tissues was observed 6 hours after exposure of conditional stimulus.2.Many SP immunoreactive nerve fivers were found under the epitheluim of bronchus or around the blood vessels and bronchioles in the study of immunofluerescence micrographs. Some figures of mast cells which released histamine and macrophages which phagocyted histamine and SP in lysozome were observed after the injection of caspsaicin (2mg/kg) by immunoelectron microscopy study.3.A novel tachykinin antagonist FK224 showed 74.5% inbition of increased respiratory resistance after fild stimulation of nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerve and 77.7% inhibition after injection of SP,suggesting that FK224 which was used in the inhibition study of conditioned histamine release, may work as an effective antagonist of SP.4.Anterior hypothalamic lesions in sensitized guinea pig inhibited not only bronchoconstriction after antigen challenge, but suppressed the late allergic reaction indicated by increased percent of eosinoplils in BALF and number of infiltrated eosinoplils around bronchi and bronchioles.These results indicated that the CNS can influence both immediate and late allergic reaction in the respiratory system, sensory neuropeptides including SP may have an important role in the regulation of these reactions.