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Development of a Dual Flash X-Ray System Having a Spectrum Control Function and its Application to Medical Shock Wave Research

具有频谱控制功能的双闪光X射线系统的研制及其在医学冲击波研究中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
05670783
负责人：
SATO Eiichi
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Iwate Medical University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Together with advances in high-voltage pulse technology, various kinds of flash x-ray generators have been developed corresponding to specific radiographic objectives, and soft generators with photon energies of less than 150 keV have been designed to perform soft high-speed radiographies including biomedical applications. In conjunction with the Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL), there is an urgent need for visualizing shock wave induced cavitation in living tissue, and the spatial and temporal distributions of the bubbles have not been observed in vivo. For this purpose, we developed two types of dual flash x-ray generators and performed fundamental studies on the plasma x-ray source for increasing flash x-ray intensity.Each flash x-ray generator consists of the following essential components : a high-voltage power supply, a polarity-inversion high-voltage pulser, a turbo molecular pump, and two flash x-ray tubes. A combined ceramic condenser in the pulser is negatively ch … More arged from 50 to 80 kV by the power supply, and the electric charges in the condenser are discharged to two tubes through two coaxial cables. Thus two shots of flash x rays are then produced simultaneously (Type A). In the case where two pulsers are employed, the time interval between two shots can be controlled (Type B).The plasma x-ray source is quite useful to produce high-intensity flash x rays since the conversion efficiency of electrostatic energies into x rays substantially increases when this source is formed at the target. Using several different types of plasma x-ray sources, we succeeded in producing higher-intensity characteristic x rays.In order to roughly calculate and imagine radiograms before high-speed radiography, we developed an image simulation system (SPECTRA). In this system, the spectrum distributions including characteristic x rays are calculated by the data concerning the tube voltage and current obtained by the flash x-ray generator, and the radiograms (gray levels) are observed on a CRT.Using these flash x-ray generators (which were developed in the present work) in conjunction with the image simulation system, we succeeded in imaging the spatial and temporal distributions of the cavitation bubble clouds in the ESWL experiment. Less

随着高压脉冲技术的进步，已经开发出各种对应于特定射线照相物镜的闪光X射线发生器，并且已经设计出光子能量小于150 keV的软发生器来执行包括生物医学应用在内的软高速射线照相。结合体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL），迫切需要可视化冲击波在活组织中引起的空化，并且尚未在体内观察到气泡的空间和时间分布。为此，我们研制了两种双闪光X射线发生器，并对提高闪光X射线强度的等离子体X射线源进行了基础研究。每个闪光X射线发生器由以下基本部件组成：高压电源、极性反转高压脉冲发生器、涡轮分子泵和两个闪光X射线管。脉冲发生器中的组合陶瓷电容器是负电荷的， ...更多信息用电源从50 ~ 80 kV充入电容器，电容器内的电荷通过两根同轴电缆分别放电到两根管子上。因此，同时产生两次闪光X射线（A型）。在使用两个脉冲发生器的情况下，两次发射之间的时间间隔可以控制（类型B）。等离子体x射线源对于产生高强度闪光x射线非常有用，因为当在靶上形成该源时，静电能到x射线的转换效率显著增加。使用多种不同类型的等离子体X射线源，我们成功地产生了更高强度的特征X射线。为了在高速摄影之前粗略地计算和想象射线照片，我们开发了图像模拟系统（SPECTRA）。在该系统中，包括特征x射线的光谱分布是由闪光x射线发生器获得的有关管电压和电流的数据计算的，在CRT上观察（灰度级）。使用这些闪光X射线发生器（在本工作中开发的）结合图像模拟系统，在体外冲击波碎石实验中，我们成功地对空泡云的空间和时间分布进行了成像。少