Arhinencephaly induced by fetal laser surgery exo utero in mice.

在目前的研究中，有研究表明，嗅觉神经不附着于端脑阻碍了遗传性始脑小鼠胚胎（Pdn/Pdn）从端脑诱导嗅球。研究表明，胎儿激光手术在子宫外对嗅球的破坏会引发小鼠大脑后期形态发生中胼胝体发育不全和前连合连接不正常。我们推测嗅觉神经中促黄体生成素释放激素（LHRH）神经元的迁移可能受到干扰，因为嗅觉神经不附着于端脑。观察到LHRH神经元部分阻滞。提示嗅球区二尖瓣前体细胞凋亡是由嗅觉神经元无神经支配引起的，Pdn/Pdn脑区二尖瓣细胞死亡无神经支配引起梨状皮质前体神经元凋亡。在胚胎激光手术破坏嗅球的胚胎中，也观察到梨状皮质前体神经元的凋亡。由此可见，在Pdn/Pdn脑以及胎儿激光手术实验诱导的脑畸形中，前体神经元的顺序凋亡和脑异常的顺序表现。

In the present study, it has been suggested that non-attachment of the olfactory nerve to the telencephalon blocked the induction of the olfactory bulbs from the telencephalon in genetic archinencephalic mouse embryos (Pdn/Pdn). And it was shown that the destruction of the olfactory bulb anlage using fetal laser surgery exo utero becomes a trigger of agenesis of the corpus callosum and irregular connection of the anterior commissure in later morphogenesis of the mouse brain.We speculated that the migration of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons might be disturbed in the olfactoy nerve because of the non-attachment of the olfactory nerve to the telencephalon. partial arrest of LHRH neurons was observed.It was suggested that apoptosis of the precursor mitral cells in the anlage of the olfactory bulb was induced by non-innervation of olfactory neurons, and apoptosis of the precurosor neurons in the pyriform cortex was induced by the non-innervation caused by the death of mitral cells in Pdn/Pdn brain. Apoptosis in the precursor neurons in the pyriform cortex was also observed in the embryos whose anlages of the olfactory bulbs were destructed by fetal laser surgery.Thus, sequential apoptosis of the precursor neurons and sequential manifestation of the brain abnormalities were proposed in Pdn/Pdn brain and also in the arhinencephalic brains induced experimentally by fetal laser surgery exo utero.